Trying to Understanding Light Therapies

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Blue light (wavelength 405nm-420nm) provide a very superficial penetration even with a high-intensity narrowband light source. It is primarily absorbed by the epidermis of the skin. Once it is absorbed, blue light targets P. acnes by stimulating porphyrins which then produce intracellular singlet oxygen and thus inducing bacterial death.

Red light (wavelength 630nm-640nm) penetrates human tissue superficially, with approximately 80% of the energy being absorbed in the first 2cm. Red light energy has a significant effect on mitochondrial stimulation, which increases the production of ATP and in turn boosts fibroblast activity. This leads to an increase in cellular turnover, superficial circulation, and an anti-inflammatory emission.

Infrared (IR) light (wavelength 800nm – 900nm) energy penetrates tissue at a greater depth than the Blue and Red light. Approximately 50% penetrates to 8cm and decreases to less than 1% at 20cm (NASA study). Infrared energy is known to heat tissue and its effects are well documented for therapeutic pain management. For cosmetic applications, IR stimulates the NaK+ pump which increases cell membrane permeability; facilitating equilibrium of cellular pH, while increasing nutritional absorption and elimination of waste byproducts.

Biological effects such as an increase in collagen bundles and elastin fibers are increased when Red and Infrared energy is used in conjunction with each other. However, the two wavelengths should never be used simultaneously due to possible wavelength interference.

Tissues are affected differently by pulsing the wavelengths between 10 Hz – 10,000 Hz. Slow pulses reduce nerve sensitivity by decreasing the production of Brinikin lucitrin necessary in the transmission of pain signals. Mid range pulses stimulate endorphin production while intense pulses stimulate mitosis and cellular repair. Each program incorporates multiple pulse frequencies including continuous wave which are designed for optimum tissue response for each pre-set indication.

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