the symptoms in FM
The Gist
Three nerves that transmit pain signals to the spinal cord have been found to be overactive in FM
Nerves should calm down and adjust to repeated stimulation but in a process called windup the pain nerves that get activated in FM stay activated. They also respond more quickly to a stimulus and are apt to fire off spontaneously more.
Twitchy nerves leading from deeply embedded mechanoreceptors around the spinal column could explain some of the upper body pain common in FM and the problems with bending, moving etc.
Two neurotransmitter associated with pain, substance P and glutamate have been found elevated in FM patient’s brains
The brain exerts enormous influence over the amount of pain we feel through a pain inhibition process which can reach all the way down the spinal cord to the spinal cord’s dorsal horns.
When one part of the body is exposed to pain our sensitivity to pain in other parts of the body actually reduces. This process – called controlled pain modulation – is due to a pain inhibition process which begins in the brain.
This process has been shown many times not to be working well in many but not all people with FM. Interestingly, although it’s not clear why, the low heart rate variability found in FM is associated with reduced pain inhibition. Mestinon is one drug that has proved helpful for some people with ME/CFS.
Pain signals are believed to need to pass through a series of checkpoints or gates in order to make to the brain. Those gates are believed to be opened wider than usual in FM.
Some researchers, though, that the pain inhibition process in FM is working just fine. They believe its signals are being over-ridden by a constant stream of pain signals emanating from the body.
Brain scans show more problems. Blood flows to various parts of the brain are altered. The pain processing areas of the brain are hyperactive. Even when the brain is resting it still maintains it’s tight connection to those areas.
The authors believe that widespread neuroinflammation could explain all the symptoms in FM.
With so many validated issues in just the brain and nervous system’s of FM patients it seems incredible that any doctor worth his or her salt could dismiss this disease.