Of all the three sources of energy from food (carbohydrates, protein, and fat), carbohydrates affect my blood glucose the most. Accurately counting carbs is very difficult, and getting the number wrong can dramatically affect blood glucose. The type of carbohydrate also matters – higher glycemic index carbs tend to spike blood glucose more rapidly.
2. Fat
Fatty foods tend to make people with diabetes more insulin resistant, meaning more insulin is often needed to cover the same amount of food relative to a similar meal without the fat. On my pump, I typically use temporary basals or extended boluses (square and dual-wave) to cover high-fat meals. This effect is most notable if you eat a lot of fat at one time – for instance, when snacking on nuts, I’ll observe a steady rise in blood glucose over many hours.
Wolpert et al., Diabetes Care 2013
3. Protein
If you’ve ever eaten a protein-only meal with very few carbs (e.g., salad with chicken), you may have seen a noticeable rise in blood glucose (~20-50 mg/dl). Though protein typically has little effect on blood glucose, in the absence of insulin, it can raise blood glucose. When I’m eating a carb-free, protein-only meal, I still take a bit of insulin to cover it (usually an equivalent of about 10-15 g of carbs)
Franz, Diabetes Educator 1997
Smart et al, Diabetes Care 2013
4. Caffeine
Many studies have suggested that caffeine increases insulin resistance and stimulates the release of adrenaline. Personally, I know that if I have a cup of coffee, I’ll see at least a 20-30 mg/dl rise in blood glucose, particularly in the morning when I’m more insulin resistant.
Lane, Journal of Caffeine Research 2011
5. Alcohol
Normally, the liver releases glucose to maintain blood sugar levels. But when alcohol is consumed, the liver is busy breaking the alcohol down, and it reduces its output of glucose into the bloodstream. This can lead to a drop in blood sugar levels if the alcohol was consumed on an empty stomach. However, alcoholic drinks with carbohydrate-rich mixers (e.g., orange juice) can also raise blood sugar. When drinking alcohol, make sure you test your blood glucose often and that someone responsible nearby knows you have diabetes.
I don't agree with many recommendations in the article. Most important one are as below.
01. Good fat such as omega 3 fatty acids improves your insulin resistance. Therefore a diet rich in omega-3 fatty acids such as EPA and DHA improve your glucose tolerance and you need less insulin They are found in oily fish. MUFA rich oils such as olive oils are also good for diabetic persons. However, total calories shall be kept within limits (1600 to 2000 Calories a day for less active people as a thumb rule). Hemp oil is also good for diabetics
02. Protein shall be taken as per your body requirement thumb rule for protein is
protein in gm= 0.8x Body weight in Kg per day of protein.
However, you may require somewhat higher protein if you exercise a lot and you may require slightly lower protein if you have less muscles and more fat in your body. females may require slightly lower protein because of that.
03. A cup of green tea contains about 25 mg of caffeine. A spoon full of cocoa powder contains about 12 mg of caffeine However, drinking green tea and cocoa improves your glucose tolerance as they contain antioxidants which improve your insulin resistance.
04. Not all alcohols are bad for diabetics. having red wine in moderate quantities improves insulin resistance.
However the article gives some tips but fully not acceptable.
Caffeine that is coffee there is so much difference opinion about this
In India the Ayurvedic Doctors or followers not recommonded coffee they treat it is not good for health Recently some of the blogs mostly foreignerblogs may take coffee it is good for diabetic andalso heart problems.While drinking coffee some of the Blood sugar spikes slightly Even in Intermitting fasting they recommonded coffee or tea in between 2 meals
Protein used by the vegetarians moong dal or channadal have 60 % of carb also However it is good when comparing to grains which is carb of 70-80 gms in 100 gms
Even protein consumed is became glucose of 58 % and fat converted 10 % of glucose after more than 10 hoursa consuming the food.
Alcohol by consuming it may became addict to the person and it is too dangerous it may became liver problems and also kidney problems in later.
The blood sugar maintaining is not easy job it depends upon several aspect and it may not possible to given all people in single tips.
Even Doctors re not to do this They firstly given metformin and next sulfunalurea by changing the brand If not control then he may given pioglitazone together with all sulfunalurea and metformin and vobligose also prescribed .
some of the Doctors not diagnoised properly with patience and recommonded injected insulin doses
in reply to
Nowadays Dr jump directly to DPP4 drugs first and then use the combination with metformin
Recent trend is to start with SGLT2 inhibitors as they claim to be beneficial in reducing insulin resistance. So the trend now changing to SGLT2 and then it's combination with metformin or DPP4 and then it's combination with metformin
How the poor person spend the money for SGLT 2 can you share the cost of drugs SGlT2 tablets Even injected insulin may also costly ?
in reply to
Rs 30 to Rs 50 per tab
Who is bothered about poor?
Anyway if a patient really cries then he is put in metformin and sulphonlyureas which are cheaper
I think you are really known the poor peoples problems So by going with metformin and sulunalurea tablet is good and select for less cost tablets
But most of Doctos recommonded Janumet and SGLT2 tabletsand some one even slight raising BS prescribed insulin also
in reply to
My brothers driver's wife was rxed costly DPP4 tabs
I told him that he can request his dr to switch to Tenegliptin which is cheaper at 5Rs per tab. It's a japanese molecule. Less research but cheaper
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No more finger pricks. Breath analyser to indicate Blood glucose level!
difference in glucose levels 
Glucose: The silent killer
does coffee cause blood sugar levels to rise?
