50 per cent of amputees either die or lose another leg within three years of amputation.
Diabetic foot problems are caused due to neuropathy (nerve damage), biomechanical abnormalities (frequently a consequence of neuropathy, leading to abnormal plantar foot pressure), reduced blood circulation to the lower limb and super-added infection.
To prevent foot problems, control your diabetes very meticulously. Achieve and maintain HbA1c (indicates BG control over last 90 days) level below 7%. Stop smoking & consumption of alcohol.
You should inspect your feet every day, if needed use a mirror or ask your family members or friends to assist. Report to foot care specialist (Podiatrist), if there is hard skin, corns, colour change, ulcer, breaks in the skin or infection. Keep feet clean with luke warm water & soap. If skin is very dry - use cream, if humid - use powder. File your nail instead of cutting. Wear soft, comfortable & well fitting shoes. Wear new shoes just for half an hour in the beginning. Inspect your shoes regularly for crack or foreign body. Use proper sized cotton socks & change it daily. Walk regularly to improve blood circulation.
It is important to avoid walking barefoot. Do not apply nail polish and mehndi over toes. Do not use strong astringent lotions and corn cures. Save your foot from extremes of temperature (hot or cold). Avoid bathroom surgery.
With advances in the technology and yearly foot check-ups by foot care specialist, diabetic foot problems can be detected at an early stage. Diabetic having foot problems, if they take good care of their feet, nearly 80% of foot ulcers & 90% of lower limb amputations can be prevented.