In my search to understand my B12 levels better, I came across this article which I thought was interesting. stichtingb12tekort.nl/zou-i...
Sorry if it has been posted before or if there's an English version available.. I couldn't find them.
It mentions the overlap in B12 levels between B12 deficient patients and healthy patients and discusses diagnostic specificity vs diagnostic sensitivity when setting ranges for a lab test.
The article questions the common practice of setting a low range (150 pmol/l) for B12 tests This ensures no false positive results and gives what is called high diagnostic specificity. Because there's no severe harm in having false positives, high specificity is not needed. However, because false negatives could cause severe damage to a patient, setting ranges for high diagnositc sensitivity is actually required (and would be in line with (Dutch?) guidelines on how to set reference ranges). More so, because there's no risk of overmedicating if a positive result is false indeed.
In short, harm of missing patients with B12 deficiency is great; harm of falsely diagnosing B12 deficiency (eg. patient is healthy and not B12 deficient) is low. Therefore B12 test reference ranges should be set high to minimise the risk of missing out patients with a deficiency.