I used to have Idebenone in my stack of supplements to prevent progression from REMSBD to PK, but I removed it because it was being trialed for that purpose but the results were not in yet (they trial lots of things).
Then today I found this:
In our study, idebenone
suppressed the “proinflammatory” M1 phenotype, while
enhancing the “anti-inflammatory” M2 microglia phenotype in
the SN and striatum after MPTP administration. Our findings
revealed that the anti-inflammatory effects and modulation
of M1/M2 polarization by idebenone contributed to the
survival of TH+neurons in the MPTP-induced PD model.
We attempted to identify the underlying mechanism that
inhibits M1 polarization and promotes M2 polarization in vivo.
Consistent with in vitro study, idebenone suppressed the
phosphorylation of ERK, p38, JNK, and NF-κB in the SN of
MPTP-treated animals. These data suggested that idebenone
could inhibit M1 polarization and promotes M2 polarization
by modulating the MAPKs and NF-κB signaling pathway
in vivo.
Our work reveals a new insight into idebenone
neuroprotection. Idebenone could attenuate the
proinflammatory cytokines expression, and promote the
phenotypic shift of microglia from the M1 to M2 phenotype
in LPS-activated BV2 cells and the MPTP induced PD model.
Mechanistically, these effects of idebenone may be mediated by
inhibition of the MAPK and NK-κB pathway. Taken together, the
present data suggested that the preventive potential of idebenone
as a novel anti-inflammatory and microglia-modulating drug for
neurodegenerative diseases associated with neuroinflammation,
such as PD.