CLL-related incidence, death, DALY burden and corresponding change trends
CLL-related incidence and its change trends
Globally, during the last 30 years, CLL-related incidence cases increased significantly from 40,537 in 1990 to 103,467 in 2019, with age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) rising from 0.76/100,000 persons in 1990 to 1.34/100,000 persons in 2019 (EAPC: 1.86, 95% CI: 1.79–1.92) .
In the geographical region levels, Western Europe, High-income North America, and Central Europe displayed the highest ASIR in 2019, while East Asia, Central Europe, and Andean Latin America showed rapidest growth. In the country or territory level, of 204 countries and territories, the USA, China, and India were the 3 countries with the highest incidence cases of CLL in 2019 (Additional file 1: Table S1) (Fig. 1a). Croatia, Monaco, and Slovenia displayed the highest ASIR in 2019
Based on GBD study 2019, four potential CLL-related mortality and DALY attributable risk factors including high body mass index, occupational exposure to benzene, occupational exposure to formaldehyde, and smoking were identified. Among these risk factors, smoking was the strongest risk factor to CLL-mediated death and DALY from 1990 to 2019 at a global scale (Fig. 7a–d). Of note, compared with high-SDI areas, the proportion of CLL’s disease burden attributable to high body mass index in low-SDI areas has a significant upward trend. In addition, although the percent of CLL deaths and DALYs attributed to occupational carcinogen-exposure only accounted for a very small proportion, a significantly higher risk of carcinogen exposure was found in low-SDI regions compared to high-SDI regions.
Cut out all carbohydrates from your diet and your triglyceride levels will drop like a stone. Try a meat/eggs/vegetables only diet for three weeks. If your triglyceride levels do not drop you will get the cost of advice fully refunded 😃.
LeoPa, I realize it's my fault, but how do I stop myself from eating cherries, apricots, watermelons and cantaloupes. That's 90% of my carb intake. Since my tests came out with the elevated triglycerides, I've cut by 2/3 my intake of fruits. In addition, I bought apricot kernels and I got really carried away in front of the computer for at least 10 days. My phosphorus is also slightly elevated.
After 15 days - new tests to see what's going on. Fruits are my big weakness, and it should have been vegetables, mom, then maybe I wouldn't have written here.
do you drink alcohol daily/each evening? nothing wrong with that, but in combination with unbalanced diet and not much physical activity that can raise the triglycerides.
I have not licked hard alcohol for at least 2 years. Before that, 200ml/year!!!
Now 1-2 beers and only when it's hot. Last night I barely drank a keg of beer that my daughter brought me from Prague - a very good beer, but the keg was 750 ml (the first time I've seen one). Oh no I insulted her. Yesterday afternoon I walked in the mountains on an upward slope of 17 degrees for about 4 km, then plowed down and about 1 km flat.
I'm trying to lose weight. There are people who lose weight easily, others slowly.
Otherwise, I feel strong as a bull (and so smart).
enjoy your walks/summer ! by the way eliminating eating meat, and anything dairy does lower cholesterol including triglyceride. only eating lean meat like salmon/tuna etc and lean chicken and the rest all plant based products.Healthy carbohydrates you get from whole-grain and high-fiber foods. nothing wrong with healthy unrefined carbohydrates, you need them with all your walks - cheers!
I can't eliminate dairy. Every morning I eat 400 g of Bulgarian yogurt, which is very different from the yogurt you eat. In our latitudes (and only in Bulgaria), the lactic acid bacteria Lactobacillus bulgaricus develops, which together with Streptococcus thermophilus give the unique milky-sour taste.
I also eat white Bulgarian pickled cheese.
I rarely eat red meats, and only "dry" ones. I drank the beer last night with an appetizer of Norwegian salmon. I love tuna, but lately it has been written that it is like a bank for heavy metals. Cheers!
To replenish your gut flora with the beneficial bacteria it is enough to eat one teaspoon of the yogurt daily. That's what I do. Eating large amounts of dairy has a detrimental effect on one's prostate. Mine could tell the story about that. I used to eat cheese like other people eat bread. Not anymore.
You are somewhat right. But eating the yogurt that we produce here locally is very useful. It is no coincidence that until before the Second World War Bulgaria had the most centenarians per capita. Extensive research by Western scientists has established that this is due of the specific Bulgarian yogurt. There is a lot about it on the Internet, you can read. Also, the debate whether to eat high or low fat milk is not over yet. As far as I know, cholesterol has been rehabilitated. Low cholesterol leads to low levels of sex hormones, which is the other reason for the many diseases, respectively the high mortality. The reason is purely physiological and I will not even mention it.
About the influence of dairy products on the health of the prostate, you are right. 7-8 years ago, according to my memory, it was shown that foods with a high calcium content (not only dairy products !!!) and their frequent use increase the risk of prostate cancer. I don't remember by what percentage, but it is in percentages and not in times.
Science is a very strange thing, and recently new data is coming out that contradicts what is known so far.
I will give the following example: Increased zinc intake has been found to increase the incidence of prostate cancer and that of higher malignancy.
Urologists until recently (and I think they still do) prescribed very high doses of Zinc for some prostate problems, and for a long time.
There are many unclear things, such as why prostate cancer is more common among teachers (I think the study was for the UK). Now that I think about it, chalk is a calcium compound, but who uses chalk anymore?
I'm almost a professor on prostate cancer (just kidding of course). I have special interests and I've read probably several thousand pages (I'm still reading). I've helped at least 2 people with timely advice, that's why they're still alive (thanks to the doctors of course).
Otherwise, I get my fats from dairy products and from olive oil, as well as from avocados. My brother-in-law is Spanish and he taught me which are the real olive oils on the European market and what to read on the labels. from Spain and Italy. I buy them in metal tubes of 2.5 liters.
Otherwise, I lose weight very slowly, even if I run 50 kilometers (which is impossible). I am genetically loaded and quite difficult.
It turned out that sensitivity to insulin is also embedded in our genes, as well as sensitivity to vitamin D (there is, in addition to insulin resistance and resistance to vitamin D).
This thread is endless. I eat the fruits not because I need to eat sweets, but because they are a gift from nature, as well as beautiful women...
I dispute the fruits are a gift of nature. They are the reason of fatty liver and high triglycerides. Especially the ones that are not wild and are full of sugar made to taste the good. I totally agree that yogurt containing live bacteria is a very beneficial thing. It's just more doesn't automatically mean better. There are trillions of bacteria in one teaspoon. If they find a good habitat in your gut they will multiply there and feel good. If your gut flora is an inhospitable environment for them because it is out of whack then no matter how much you're going to eat it will not become healthy. For me the low fat versus high fat dairy question is long time settled. Low fat is junk and the only dairy worth eating is high fat. If calcium is to blame for prostate problems then I suspect that the vehicle is important. Dairy. I have not read anything about canned sardines or sesame seeds which have a very high calcium contents being responsible for prostate problems.
According to American experts, calcium intake correlates with an increased risk of prostate cancer. Prostate cancer is the third leading cause of cancer death in men of all ages and leading among men over 75. 80% of men over 80 have prostate cancer.
Despite the conflicting results of numerous scientific studies, scientists are of the opinion that the vital microelement for the human body can increase or decrease the risk of certain oncological diseases. Previous research has shown that excessive intake of multivitamins increases the risk of prostate cancer.
Researchers from Colorado State University (USA) studied the relationship between calcium intake and the risk of prostate cancer.
Data from 27,293 men were analyzed, 298 of whom had some form of prostate cancer. Each of the volunteers went through a medical examination and filled out a questionnaire about their eating habits and preferences.
Calcium is one of the most abundant minerals in the human body. It makes up about 1.5% of total body weight. A person's bones and teeth contain 99% of the total amount of calcium in the body.
The main sources of calcium are vegetables (19%), cereals (15%), soy (12%), fruits (7%) and fish (6%), as well as dairy products (17%).
It turns out, however, that apart from maintaining bone strength and density, calcium is also related to tumorigenesis.
In men who took the highest amount of calcium (659 mg/day), the probability of developing prostate cancer was a quarter higher than in those who took up to 210 mg/day of the trace element.
In addition, in men with a lower than average body mass (22.9 kg/m3) who regularly take calcium supplements, the risk of developing malignant tumors of the prostate is particularly elevated.
Research data shows that thinner men who take calcium supplements are twice as likely to develop the disease as those who are a similar weight but take less calcium.
The results of our studies strongly suggest that calcium supplements increase the risk of malignant prostate tumors, especially in men with a low body mass index. The obtained data are consistent with those obtained in previous studies. In the future, we would like to determine the exact mechanisms by which the metabolism of calcium in the human body affects tumorigenesis," the authors of the study state.
Detailed results of the scientific work were published on the website of the publication Cancer Research on June 1, 2010.
Okay now i understand. Calcium is not the problem, calcium supplementation is. Just like vitamins are not a problem if obtained from natural sources, but multivitamin pills are. The devil is always in the details.
First of all cholesterol is not a problem. Secondly eating meat does not raise triglycerides. Thirdly eating lean meat means you need to eat more carbs because you can't get your energy from fats. Eating more carbs means elevated triglyceride levels. There is a rule of thumb regarding cholesterol. If your triglyceride levels are low and your HDL level is high then the composition of your cholesterol molecules is safe and the total serum cholesterol value is irrelevant. If on the other hand your HDL level is low and your triglycerides are high then irrespective of your low total serum cholesterol reading you are still in trouble. Because it is the composition that is important not the serum cholesterol level. Those who do not just simply take my word for it which should be everyone, please read the series written by Dr Peter Attia, " The Straight Dope on cholesterol."
Try cutting just the cherries and apricots. Berries and melons have the lowest carbs, that might nudge your numbers in the right direction. Then you can slowly wean yourself off fruits and increase veggies. I read somewhere that it takes our taste buds 2 weeks to adjust to "new foods" being preferred, but IDK about that. It think it took longer for me to "prefer" the changes, and dislike some of the older stuff. I used to "specialized" in baked desserts, and it took a while for me to no longer enjoy pastries, and prefer cheese and berries.
I refuse to give up yoghurt and cheeses. And I eat whole milk stuff, not fat free. You will find a way to fix this I am sure, it just takes a little experimenting to see what's optimum for your personal body genetics. I have also noticed, lack of exercise really seems to affect my lipid panel, so there's that.
It's easy. It's all in the head. Every time you feel the urge to eat something sweet, do 10 push-ups, air squats, bike sprint - whatever exercise that feels slightly unpleasant. The brain will get used to the fact that if it sends a signal requesting sweets the body will get punished 🙂. It's like giving pills to drug addicts that make them feel like crap if they subsequently use drugs. It's brain conditioning. You use drugs - you will feel like crap. You want sweets - you will get exercise. Not to mention that exercise kills appetite. Have you noticed that after exercise you don't feel like eating for a period of time? The blood flows into the muscles and glycogen is burnt from the muscles' storage. Plus blood sugar drops because high intensity exercise burns a lot of blood sugar. I do an hour long stationary bike ride most evenings (pulse rate around 120 which is comfortable for me) about 2 hours before bedtime. Of course I do not eat anything after this exercise is completed. This brings my blood sugar levels down and subsequent checks the next morning reveal that they are totally normal. If I do not bike ride they can be 0.3 to 0.4 higher even if I eat the same way. But diabetes type 2 runs in the family and this is the way I keep my pre-diabetes in check. Through diet and exercise. Someone said if you feel like snacking between meals you did not eat enough meat with your last regular meal. I find it to be true. A large regular meal with plenty meat will keep one satisfied for a long time with no need of snacks.
Or ingesting other protein, if one isn't fond of meat. Plus a modicum of fat; a meal with zero/too little fat will leave you "hungry" even if also feeling bloated from a full stomach/intestines. A few olives, some avocado, may make all the difference. The key is to not eat too many *saturated* fats, and get omega 3's in there. I haven't seen any studies, but my own experience is, when I was pre-CLL and eating fish 3-5 times a week, my lipid parameters were excellent, even though I love to slather butter on popcorn and eat cheese/yoghurt daily. Post CLL, I am less exercise and very little fish; I just can't cook like I used to.
Not to mention the endorphins that get released with aerobic exercise, even short spurts. Almost as good as chocolate haha!
I literally run on saturated fats 🙂. Not against monounsaturated like avocado or extra virgin olive oil but I avoid polyunsaturated fats like the plague. Saturated fats don't oxidize and oxidation is the mother of all health problems.
Thanks Yalokin. Interesting stuff. Enjoy the cool of the mountains!
Readers: abbreviations are defined in the link.
I'm used to seeing CLL through a Western lens, and some regional differences came as a surprise.
Globally, has CLL become twice as common in 30 years? I suspect it's still under-diagnosed in some regions, but the main difference could be that more people now, having avoided death from other causes, are reaching an age when cancer becomes perhaps the most significant health risk.
I think the incidence is rising, as the long term effects of chemical expose to agents like DDT and other "pesticides", plus ground and water contamination from improper/illegal storage and disposal, are being ascertained. Not to mention, more gas stations (current neighborhood fighting a major company wanting to put yet another one uphill at the edge of residential housing, when there are already at least half a dozen within a mile), etc. etc. People who didn't know they should have masked/goggled when refinishing furniture or painting stuff, or working on their cars.
Sure, pollution contributes. An unnecessary consequence of modern lifestyles, which can damage us in other ways. A recent report by the European Environment Agency eea.europa.eu/highlights/po... is sobering. Successive UK governments have failed to get a grip on things environmental.
I think incidence is rising due to more blood tests - better medical testing. I and several others I know only found out that we had CLL due to blood work for other problems that we were being treated for. Think in past many CLL cases were not detected at all due to lack of investigation.
I had a primary care doctor who insisted I get a blood test done because my WBC was always high. I had some indications I had CLL prior to this, in particular, swollen glands in my neck. Also an oral infection that blew up quickly and required a drain for my cheek, doctors drawing on me with black marker pens, and trying more and more potent antibiotics.
But no one until a new regular primary care doctor put all the dots together. I feel like I owe her a lot.
That is interesting, I remember when I was first diagnosed it was on the suspected list however I believe I was exposed to Benzene and Formaldehyde at work.
Content on HealthUnlocked does not replace the relationship between you and doctors or other healthcare professionals nor the advice you receive from them.
Never delay seeking advice or dialling emergency services because of something that you have read on HealthUnlocked.
by the way eliminating eating meat, and anything dairy does lower cholesterol including triglyceride. only eating lean meat like salmon/tuna etc and lean chicken and the rest all plant based products.Healthy carbohydrates you get from whole-grain and high-fiber foods. nothing wrong with healthy unrefined carbohydrates, you need them with all your walks - cheers! 
