Comprehensive urinary metabolomic profiling and identification of potential noninvasive marker for idiopathic Parkinson’s disease
Box plot showing levels of representative metabolites in normal controls (CON), early-stage PD (EPD), mid-stage PD (MPD) and advanced-stage PD (APD).
(A) leucine, (B) isoleucine, (C) glycine, (D) cortisol, (E) dihydrocortisol, (F) kynurenine, (G) phenylalanine; (H) acetylphenylalanine. Asterisk(*) denotes
Box plot showing levels of representative metabolites in normal controls (CON), early-stage PD (EPD), mid-stage PD (MPD) and advanced-stage PD (APD).
(A) leucine, (B) isoleucine, (C) glycine, (D) cortisol, (E) dihydrocortisol, (F) kynurenine, (G) phenylalanine; (H) acetylphenylalanine. Asterisk(*) denotes