The paper below is the most detailed and well referenced I have read regarding UDCA and TUDCA. Incredibly thorough.
Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) and taurourso... - Cure Parkinson's
Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) and tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA)
"Roles of bile acids signaling in neuromodulation under physiological and pathological conditions"
Yes I should have included the title and tagged neuromodulation. I have to say I have investigated off label repurposed drugs and their mechanism of action like IVM and Hydroxy but URSO holds a place close to my heart. My mom was one of the first trial participants for PBC at Mayo and it saved her. Her liver regenerated basically and she never progressed to liver failure. This paper is an incredible overview. Obviously treatment depends on staging but I’m very hopeful!
tudca is in Restore gold wehaveparkinsons.com/produc... which my husband has been taking for about 4 years now.
How has it helped his symptoms?
It’s hard to know as I don’t know how he would have been without it, and he has been taking other things too, and we exercise more now and have totally changed our diet for the better.
His latest blood tests at the doctors were all good with various markers improved from when he was first diagnosed in 2018 for general health so I would say his overall health is much improved. But could just be down to diet and exercise of course.
His PD symptoms haven’t markedly got worse , although at the start he wasn’t on the madopar, but now he takes the 50/12.5 mg ,( 5 whole ones and 3 x 1/2 per day. )
Interesting. Found another write up on UDCA on PWP. Seems like it helps protect dopamine cells from dying due to apoptosis (programmed cell death).