"Molecular Mechanisms of Coffee on Prostate Cancer Prevention"
"Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common types of cancer among men, and coffee is associated with a reduced risk of developing PCa. Therefore, we aim to review possible coffee molecular mechanisms that contribute to PCa prevention. Coffee has an important antioxidant capacity that reduces oxidative stress, leading to a reduced mutation in cells. Beyond direct antioxidant activity, coffee stimulates phase II enzymatic activity, which is related to the detoxification of reactive metabolites. The anti-inflammatory effects of coffee reduce tissue damage related to PCa development. Coffee induces autophagy, regulates the NF-κB pathway, and reduces the expression of iNOS and inflammatory mediators, such as TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, and CRP. Also, coffee modulates transcriptional factors and pathways. It has been shown that coffee increases testosterone and reduces sex hormone-binding globulin, estrogen, and prostate-specific antigen. Coffee also enhances insulin resistance and glucose metabolism. All these effects may contribute to protection against PCa development."
Molecular Mechanisms of Coffee on Prostate Cancer Prevention
Julia Montenegro 1 2 , Otniel Freitas-Silva 1 3 , Anderson Junger Teodoro 1
Affiliations collapse
Affiliations
1 Laboratory of Functional Foods, Program of Food and Nutrition, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, UNIRIO, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
2 Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
3 Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Embrapa Food Agroindustry, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common types of cancer among men, and coffee is associated with a reduced risk of developing PCa. Therefore, we aim to review possible coffee molecular mechanisms that contribute to PCa prevention. Coffee has an important antioxidant capacity that reduces oxidative stress, leading to a reduced mutation in cells. Beyond direct antioxidant activity, coffee stimulates phase II enzymatic activity, which is related to the detoxification of reactive metabolites. The anti-inflammatory effects of coffee reduce tissue damage related to PCa development. Coffee induces autophagy, regulates the NF-κB pathway, and reduces the expression of iNOS and inflammatory mediators, such as TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, and CRP. Also, coffee modulates transcriptional factors and pathways. It has been shown that coffee increases testosterone and reduces sex hormone-binding globulin, estrogen, and prostate-specific antigen. Coffee also enhances insulin resistance and glucose metabolism. All these effects may contribute to protection against PCa development.
Same info but NIH feels more legit when I see it in references. Probably not true...
I was interested in the SHBG portion. Mine has dropped over an order of magnitude in the last 4 years. From 300 to 25. Weird thing is that it dropped on estrogen ADT, on SPT, and has continued to decline on BAT. Any ideas?
You touched on it. I've seen some people conclude that "x" is useless because they got cancer or it progressed. Ignoring the fact that "x" might shift their odds slightly. Say, you're favored to win 48% of the time at Blackjack and it goes up to 51%. You still lose almost half the time but I'll take the 51% over the 48% any day of the week - and start betting big on Blackjack.
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QQ vs AK supposed to be a 'coin flip' but I'll take the QQ any day.
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I still remember many years ago when I went all-in with AA on the flop. A guy had a 4-7 and called me (why?). Flop had a 7 and a 4. To add insult to injury the river was another 4.
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That's poker alright. In a big tournament player to my immediate right bets huge. I called all in with AQo in the BB. He turns over 42o. He catches a 4 on the river and knocks me out of the tournament. Have to shrug off those bad beats somehow.
Yep I am part of that 100%. Drinking since about 14 yrs old.My dad and I working together and I guess mom didnt want to bring a special drink for me so I drank the coffee brought for dad.
When estrogen is elevated (but not super-high for ADT), SHBG increases to reduce bioavailable testosterone [T]. {T is the presumed source of estradiol [E2] (via aromatase). (In addition T production is lowered. i.e. free-T takes a double hit.)
{I have long been intrigued by the fact that SHBG will fall if T is increased. i,e. a T increase will have a double effect on bioavailable T.}
When estrogen is super-elevated, T production plummets & there is no need for as much SHBG (which preferentially binds to T). Makes sense for SHBG to fall.
With BAT, SHBG should fall after T is injected. By the end of the cycle, T will be too low for SHBG to be needed. Might there be an increase in mid-cycle? I doubt that E2 will go high enough to trigger that.
I have been thinking about SHBG in BAT too. Changes in SHBG must follow the change from large T dosing. Yet the % Free T remains relatively constant 1-2%ish. My most recent tests showed 384 Total T, 4.2 ng/dL free, 1.1%, and my estradiol was surprisingly Zero. This was 4 weeks after last 400 mg T-Cyp shot, which showed me the problem with the long half-life.Furthermore: SHBG like albumin is largely confined to the blood volume: 75 ml/Kg in adults. So a 70 KG male has around 5,250 ml (525 dL) blood volume. Going from castrate 20 ng/dL X 525 = 10.5 mg total testosterone. Then if you take SPT up to 1,000 ng/dL Total T, it requires 525 mg of testosterone immediately. Or to reach 1,500 ng/dL total requires 788 mg absorbed and distributed. Therefore I conclude that one 400 mg T-Cyp injection doesn't get you there. May take two 400 mg injections within one week I am guessing. Similarly topical androgel even at 150 mg/day it probably takes a good week. Maybe better to front-load cycles?
Your max tT was probably around 1500. I'd think you'd want it higher and you likely would want some kind of buffer. I agree that two 400 mg shots in a week should be good.
Interesting you talk about front-loading for Androgel because I started front-loading on this cycle (400 mg for one day and 200 mg thereafter). I also do it for bicalutamide when I use it (2 days of 150 mg and 50 mg thereafter). Makes more of a difference for bicalutamide.
And for what we are doing I am thinking that for Androgel 100 mg in the AM and 100 mg in the PM is better to keep the levels high (if you dose every 24 hours tT goes down 50% between doses!).
What I try to do is take SOC therapies, tweak them to hopefully improve them for me (mostly libido, fatigue, cardiac risk, bone and muscle growth), discuss with my SOC MO. Modify if necessary. Implement and monitor. Monthly conversations with my MO. So far we are both happy with the results. 4 years and PSA still goes to zero. Vs. the 3 months maximum that I was originally given (before hospitalization, PSA taking off like a "rocket", pain, radiation and/or chemo).
I drink coffee because I like it. I view diet as support for my efforts, not as anything curative. Body of evidence supports muscle mass, growth, and activity more than diet. Both are support IMO.
I forgot to mention, my wife is also pleased with the results. In 2019 I did 6 months of ADT. Zero libido. Now I add SARMs during my ADT months. Bedroom action is only about once a week but that beats zero.
Personally, I was more concerned with muscles. In the last 8 months of BAT I put on 11.6 lbs of lean mass and went up by a percent in fat. I'm working on the stupid fat gain.
In the 2 years on SPT I put on just over 20 lbs of lean mass but also 5% fat!
In 6 months of ADT I lost 14.4 lbs of lean mass but also lost 12% fat.
Although my body composition has improved considerably since pre-PCa the search goes on. I'm focused more on fat loss now because I don't want to gain much more muscle.
Supraphysiological testosterone. Usually defined as total testosterone >= 1500 ng/dl.
As you can imagine you feel great on it. I woke up early every morning because I didn't want to miss a second of the day. I felt like a 30 year-old. When I do the high T part of BAT I feel it but when I do the low T.... Look forward to the high T. I just started the low T today. Sigh. With the SARMs I feel my age. Without SARMs I used to feel like warmed-over death.
The heavy artillery! I’ll bet that does feel good, the SARM’s too.
I’m good with the return of my T to within 100 ng/dl or so of what I had at diagnosis (725 approx). So far that is. Much higher and I might get into trouble anyway 😀.
If I get 5 years of non detectable PSA post full return of T, that will be May of 2026. I might revisit the idea of supplementation then. At this point I feel it would be greedy.
That's a good level. What is your SHBG? If you know that you can approximate free and bioavailable. If you know what SHBG and albumin are you can get even closer. But SHBG is the more important one.
We all react differently to steroid hormones. I can get my tT over 4000 and I am just happy person with a smile on my face. I can shoot up Deca and same thing. Happy.
But I did a very low dose cycle of Dianabol a few months ago. Wow! I got mean and aggressive and I was scared of what I was turning into. BTW: the Dianabol and Deca and T are all approved by my MO. She also likes SARMs.
My SHBG is too high (around 70) and my free T is too low (around 50). But that is as of 8 months ago, when full restoration of T was still new. I would guess those numbers are better now.
I don’t think too many guys get a prostatectomy and follow it almost immediately with a clinical trial of Lupron, docetaxel, abiraterone and dexamethasone, followed shortly thereafter by radiation. Especially not with PSMA-PET now commonly available.
Add to that a artificial urinary sphincter insertion surgery for heavy incontinence.
Therefore it’s hardly a surprise that despite the return of normal T both my sex drive and function are a shadow of what they were.
I feel the RP/ADT combination in particular should never be given to man without telling him in detail what very likely awaits him-which of course most urologic surgeons don’t do.
On the other hand I can’t argue with the results-so far anyway. I am starting Trimix injections this week. I won’t hesitate to get a implant if the injections don’t work out for any reason.
Looks like you’re on the heavy artillery for life now! Well there are worse things that’s for sure.
Steroid hormones binding affinities (referenced at bottom of WIKI on SHBG) report that in Men, testosterone is 2.23% unbound, 44.3% SHBG bound, 49.9% Albumin bound, and 3.56% CBG bound. Also gives extensive list of what increasesOr decreases levels. Thanks for the expansion of this topic.
Here in NC "Counter Culture" is a clear favorite in the coffee shops - & with me. They have various blends, but there is something that unites them & I think the secret is an Ethiopian base.
For something quite different I buy from Fonte in Seattle. The roasts are darker than Counter Culture.
Forgot to mention that I rarely have more than 2 mugs daily. I use an Aeropress with a third of a cup of beans (finely ground - burr grinder) per mug.
-Patrick
What do you make of this study? Most studies that I have read conclude that Arabica dark beans are best.
Bioactive compounds, antioxidant activity and antiproliferative effects in prostate cancer cells of green and roasted coffee extracts obtained by microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) - PubMed
At $139 for 7.1 ounces I'll stick with the "VERMONT" brand, organic, dark and grind the beans in my blender. Percolating makes a big difference. Two pots each made with two 16.0 ounce bottles of spring water.
Coffee cherries are separated from elephant dung in Ban Ta Klang. The enzymes in the elephant's stomach break down the proteins that cause bitterness, making for a smoother flavor once the partially digested bean pops out the other end.They "uppped the game" use elephants to get a more efficient production ha !
Busy brewing a Venti Caramel Crunch Frappe, with thirteen ingredients and is made with five bananas, caramel, a few different syrups, and extra whipped cream.....
I missed that - I was scanning to find out if decaf was a good substitute, I'm guessing from your comment it isn't. Damn, that leaves me out (caffeine has bad effects on bladder control.)
Agree. That fits My limited understanding too. But freeT as a % of total is relatively constant in an individual, 1-2.5%. So totalT can be a surrogate. Though estrogen binding and albumin binding complicate matters. Patrick is good mentor on this.
Urtica dioica, stinging nettle, has been tested for SHBG affinity. A German study 25 years ago [1], reported that:
"All lignans except (-)-pinoresinol developed a binding affinity to SHBG in the in vitro assay.
"The affinity of (-)-3,4-divanillyltetrahydrofuran was outstandingly high."
Did you ever test dose versus effect?
Essentially, the nettle extracts compete with T for SHBG binding. I have wondered whether the body responds by producing more SHBG.
Regarding free-T & bioavailable T:
The calculation of free-T assumes a certain albumin level. I have 4.4 in my mind, but it has been years since I looked at the formula. A difference of a few decimal points has little effect on the free-T estimation, but many men in a serious health situation might have albumin levels of 3.5 or lower.
The binding of T to albumin is described as being "weak", so this form of T is considered to be bioavailable. Not sure what that means. Does the body unbind some T when free-T starts to fall?
This is what my crude understanding is. Free and bioavailable. I bandy about the tT numbers simply because it is mainstream.
If I told people that, hey, Androgel got my free T up to 47 I think many of them would think gee Russ, you just proved that Androgel sucks.
Anyway, I monitor fT and bT and compare to minimum freeSPT and bioSPT levels. Assuming that the guys in the BAT studies were average so had an SHBG of 50 nmol/l and albumin of 4.7 g/dl a calculation gives fSPT > 30 ng/dl and bSPT > 775 ng/dl. For reference, my last Androgel mass spectrometry testosterone test yielded tT = 1598, fT = 47, and bT = 1158 (my SHBG is only 25 and my albumin is also on the lower side at 4.2).
Thanks Patrick for your informative post. I can´t stand the taste of coffee, but I happen to have a load of "Green coffee bean extract" bottles with each capsule equivalent to 7 g of whole coffee beans. What´s your take on this for getting at some of the possible benefits of coffee?
"Green coffee bean extract" wouldn't be high on my list of supplements. Do you know what the "extract" process is? What is lost? The blurbs for products only mention chlorogenic acid as the active ingredient.
Life Extension claims that their "CoffeeGenic® Green Coffee Extract is a non-GMO supplement with chlorogenic acid that promotes healthy blood sugar metabolism and helps maintain already-healthy glucose and insulin levels after meals."
"already-healthy"? So it's for people who don't really have a glucose/insulin problem?
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Time restricted eating and impact of autophagy on prostate cancer
Are any of you still drinking coffee?
Vancouver BC, Coffee meet & greet, Sunday Mar 17, 10:00 - 12:00
