Chanced upon Hipkiss 2017 this morning (abstract and whole text).
On the Relationship between Energy Metabolism, Proteostasis, Aging
and PD: Possible Causative Role of Methylglyoxal and Alleviative
Potential of Carnosine.
Hipkiss AR; Aging Dis 2017 May 2;8(3):334-345.
ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/285...
See also (abstract only).
Dietary glycemic index is inversely associated with the risk of PD.
Nutrition 2010 May;26(5):515-21.
Thank you for bringing it up - definitely worth digging into. Glycation is widely recognized as a major cause of aging, however the abstract doesn't specify the dosage of carnosine.
According to M. Murray: "...study examined the effect of 1.5g of carnosine daily for 30 days in Parkinson’s patients treated with L-Dopa. The addition of carnosine to the treatment regimen significantly improved neurological symptoms, with a 36 percent improvement in symptoms compared to a 16 percent improvement in the control group. Clinical signs of Parkinson’s disease, including decreased bodily movements, and rigidity of extremities, were also significantly improved." Not sure though which study he is talking about - there were no references.
Full article - doctormurray.com/l-carnosin...
Dr. Murray's contact info:
ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/187...
A clear summary of carnosine:
Carnosine: Exceeding Scientific Expectations.
January 2011; By Kirk Stokel.
lifeextension.com/magazine/...
In 2008, Alexander Boldyrev and colleagues published results of a PD
carnosine study:
ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/187...
In 2010, the same group published a review, which concluded, "We
conclude that carnosine
can be recommended for patients under oxidative stress as a natural remedy
having high efficiency and no side effects."
Carnosine as a natural antioxidant and geroprotector: from molecular
mechanisms to clinical trials.
Rejuvenation Res
2010 Apr-Jun;13(2-3):156-8.
ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/200...
Citing Boldyrev et al 2008, Prokopieva VD et al wrote, "Considerable
improvement of clinical state of patients was observed during
administration of carnosine at dose of 1.5 g/days for 30 days in
addition to traditional therapy in treatment of Parkinson's
disease.... Use of carnosine reduced toxic effects of basic therapy
(side effects of antiparkinsonian agents). In patients, a
statistically significant reduction of neurologic symptoms
(improvement of coordination of movements) was observed. Positive
correlation between activation of antioxidant enzyme of superoxide
dismutase in erythrocytes and decrease in neurologic symptoms was
revealed. Addition of carnosine in the scheme of treatment led to
reliable decrease in hydroperoxides in lipoproteins of blood plasma
and considerably increased the resistance low-density and
very-low-density lipoproteins against Fe2+-induced oxidation and
also reduction in amount of oxidized proteins in blood plasma. Thus,
addition of carnosine to basic therapy not only improved
considerably clinical indices, but also elevated the antioxidant
status of the organism in patients with Parkinson's disease."
Use of Carnosine for Oxidative Stress Reduction in Different
Pathologies.
Prokopieva VD et al; Oxid Med Cell Longev 2016;2016:2939087.
ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articl...
Thus far, that 2010 study has been cited by 18 subsequent studies.
Some may be relevant to PwP and are free online. Here is a selected
bibliography of 7 references.
See also:
On the use of carnosine and antioxidants: A letter from Russia.
ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/273...
Carnosine and Related Peptides: Therapeutic Potential in Age-Related
Disorders.
ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/264...
Possible Benefit of Dietary Carnosine towards Depressive Disorders.
ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/264...
Anti-aggregating effect of the naturally occurring dipeptide
carnosine on aβ1-42 fibril formation.
ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/238...
Carnosine: can understanding its actions on energy metabolism and
protein homeostasis inform its therapeutic potential?
ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/234...
Endogenous neuroprotection in chronic neurodegenerative disorders:
with particular regard to the kynurenines.
ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/211...
.
anyone taking it?
I have been taking a zinc-carnosine capsule from Swanson's. Seems to help gut function for me.
My research summaryAlternative Therapy that MAY act on a root cause of PD.PD: Colonic dysmotility, Enteric α-Synuclein, FMT, Microbiota Dysfunction - a delightful miscellany 
Mitochondrial uncoupling ; can this help PD, appears maybe 
"Getting Old Ain't For Sissies." Bette Davis. Most of us are getting up there. Is it time for an attitude adjustment?
