Gut microbiota-associated compounds increase lethal prostate cancer risk.
Bryan Douglas Naelitz, Chad A Reichard, Zeneng Wang, Xun Jia, Jianbo Li, Meir J Stampfer, Eric A Klein, Stanley L Hazen, Nima Sharifi
Journal of Clinical Oncology 39 (6_suppl), 147-147, 2021
147 Background: Gut-microbiota-mediated metabolism of trimethylamine-associated nutrients and amino acids has been linked to altered cholesterol metabolism and endothelial inflammation. However, the association between these compounds and lethal prostate cancer (PCa) remains unknown.
Methods: A nested case-control study was performed using samples from the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian (PLCO) cancer screening trial to evaluate the association between baseline serum levels of target metabolites (choline, carnitine, betaine, γ-butyrobetaine, crotonobetaine, trimethylamine N-oxide, phenylacetylglutamine, hippuric acid, and p-cresol sulfate) and lethal PCa risk. Lethal cases were randomly matched to controls at a 1: 3 ratio on the basis of age, race, and enrollment date. Multivariable logistic regression, conditioned on case status and adjusted for PSA and BMI, was performed to assess the association between analyte quartile (Q) with lethal PCa. Trend of increasing odd ratios (OR) was evaluated using the Cochran-Armitage test. Results: 173 lethal PCa cases and 519 controls were analyzed. Relative to those in Q1, cases with baseline levels of choline and betaine above the median exhibited increased odds of developing lethal PCa after adjusting for BMI and PSA (Table). Lethal PCa risk increased across quartiles of choline in a dose-dependent fashion (P-trend: 0.005), but not for betaine (P-trend: 0.08). Higher serum levels of other trimethylamine-associated compounds including γ-butyrobetaine, crotonobetaine, trimethylamine N-oxide were not consistently associated with PCa mortality. Baseline serum levels of phenylacetylglutamine, a gut-microbiota metabolite of phenylalanine, were associated with incident lethal PCa, with risk increasing across quantiles (P-trend: 0.003). Elevations in hippuric acid and p-cresol sulfate levels were not consistently associated with greater lethal PCa risk.
Conclusions: Serum levels choline, betaine, and phenylacetylglutamine are associated with PCa mortality, underscoring the potential role of gut-microbiota-mediated metabolism in the biology of lethal PCa. Clinical trial information: NCT00002540. Odds associated with lethal prostate cancer by analyte quartile. Analyte OR (95% CI) Q2 vs. Q1 OR (95% CI) Q3 vs. Q1 OR (95% CI) Q4 vs. Q1 P-trend Choline 1.85 (1.03-3.33) 2.37 (1.35-4.17) 2.19 (1.23-3.90) 0.005 Carnitine 1.95 (1.12-3.39) 1.47 (0.81-2.66) 2.00 (1.13-3.56) 0.08 Betaine 1.58 (0.88-2.83) 2.13 (1.22-3.70) 1.86 (1.05-3.30) 0.11 γ-butyrobetaine 1.09 (0.62-1.91) 1.51 (0.87-2.63) 1.35 (0.76-2.37) 0.11 Crotonobetaine 0.90 (0.54-1.51) 0.81 (0.47-1.37) 0.99 (0.59-1.66) 0.73 Trimethylamine N-oxide 1.17 (0.67-2.06) 1.68 (0.99-2.85) 1.46 (0.86-2.50) 0.16 Phenylacetylglutamine 1.57 (0.85-2.89) 2.54 (1.41-4.58) 2.55 (1.40-4.64) 0.003 Hippuric Acid 1.42 (0.82-2.46) 1.79 (1.04-3.09) 1.49 (0.84-2.62) 0.51 P-cresol Sulfate 0.88 (0.49-1.58) 1.70 (1.00-2.90) 1.56 (0.92-2.64) 0.01
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Graham49
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Graham49, Thanks for this posting. This is the type of research we need more . Sorting out differences between men who die in 2 years and men who live for 30 years with prostate cancer. This type of marker analysis helps us to choose right type of treatments needed for each specific man with PCa. I believe Choline is found in Eggs. I ate an average of 8 eggs a day for 2 years prior to my PCa diagnosis as I was into muscle building and was a Gym Rat. I do not know if eating that many eggs has anything to do with my PCa diagnosis. I have not eaten even one egg in last 2 years. I always wonder if eggs might have accelerated my PCa progression. Can't tell for sure.
Oops. I am using acetyl L carnitine in an attempt to mitigate early signs of Dupuytren's, Peyronie's and frozen shoulder. I have no idea if it works for those but I certainly don't need to fuel prostate cancer along the way. Back to the drawing board...
Same here, I was a petri dish for PCa... eating a high-protein diet supplemented with dairy/eggs-- at least one egg/day (choline), two gallons of milk a week (casein), not to mention none of it was organic. Now, I've dropped back to 2-3 eggs/week and one pint milk/week.
Harvard study, entitled Choline Intake and the Risk of Lethal Prostate Cancer, found that those with the highest choline intake had a 70% increased risk of fatal prostate cancer. Another recent study found that men who consumed 2 and a half or more eggs per week—that’s just like one egg every three days—had an 81% increased risk of lethal prostate cancer. (Carnitine also mentioned).
I have switched to plant proteins from lentils ,peas ,seeds and beans. Some Whey protein isolate powder without anything added to it. I am able to get my 1 gram protein per kilogram body weight from these plant sources.
I had 6 chickens for eggs in my backyard. When I got diagnosed with PCa 2 years ago, one of the first things I did was to give all 6 chickens to my lawn mower guy. He was happy as hell to get those chickens.
Karmaji, In fact, huge number of research articles are available about foods and prostate cancer. But, toxic protocol guys conveniently ignore this area and sometimes even mock and ridicule men who think outside the SOC box.Right kind of food and exercise alone can not cure PCa But can certainly decrease need for too many meds , increase effect of necessary meds and reduce toxicity from toxic treatments.
Hi my husband too was eating 2-3 eggs a day with organic butter and organic roast chicken as his main proteins for a year or two before diagnosis. Now he does not eat any and is WFPB.
He is making a good choice by sticking with plant based foods as they contain substances like polyphenols, flavonoids, Resveratrol, sulforaphanes and others..also keep inflammation in body at low levels..that keep meds working well for longer time and keep general health good.
Damn. I was mostly WFPB and fish but of late I had started eating 3 scrambled eggs for breakfast to break the monotony. Now I have to remove them again. They did not prevent my psa from going down but I won't tempt the devil.
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