ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articl...
Although this 2023 paper is about how medications affect thyroid function in dogs, I found much of relevance to humans given within the text body, with good references.
I found it an interesting read and the first diagram particularly illuminating, as to how the thyroid hormones are made in the folicullar cells of the thyroid. I presume it is the same process in dogs as humans.
Hope others find it of value