Thyroid Vol. 31, No. 11
Original Studies
Free Access
Thyroid Hormone Levels During Hospital Admission Inform Disease Severity and Mortality in COVID-19 Patients
Fabyan Esberard de Lima Beltrão,
Daniele Carvalhal de Almeida Beltrão,
Giulia Carvalhal,
Fabricia Elizabeth de Lima Beltrão,
Amanda da Silva Brito,
Kamilla Helen Rodrigues da Capistrano,
Isis Henriques de Almeida Bastos,
Fabio Hecht, … See all authors
Published Online:10 Nov 2021doi.org/10.1089/thy.2021.0225
Abstract
Background: Illness severity in patients infected with COVID-19 is variable.
Methods: Here, we conducted an observational, longitudinal, and prospective cohort study to investigate serum thyroid hormone (TH) levels in adult COVID-19 patients, admitted between June and August 2020, and to determine whether they reflect the severity or mortality associated with the disease.
Results: Two hundred forty-five patients [median age: 62 (49–75) years] were stratified into non-critical (181) and critically ill (64) groups. Fifty-eight patients (23.6%) were admitted to the intensive care unit, and 41 (16.7%) died. Sixteen (6.5%) exhibited isolated low levels of free triiodothyronine (fT3). fT3 levels were lower in critically ill compared with non-critical patients [fT3: 2.82 (2.46–3.29) pg/mL vs. 3.09 (2.67–3.63) pg/mL, p = 0.007]. Serum reverse triiodothyronine (rT3) was mostly elevated but less so in critically ill compared with non-critical patients [rT3: 0.36 (0.28–0.56) ng/mL vs. 0.51 (0.31–0.67) ng/mL, p = 0.001]. The univariate logistic regression revealed correlation between in-hospital mortality and serum fT3 levels (odds ratio [OR]: 0.47; 95% confidence interval [CI 0.29–0.74]; p = 0.0019), rT3 levels (OR: 0.09; [CI 0.01–0.4