" Rhizolutin, a novel class of compounds with a tricyclic framework, significantly dissociates the protein aggregates associated with Alzheimer’s disease both in vivo and in vitro"
Note:" The area around the roots of plants is a complex ecosystem with numerous interactions between plants and diverse microorganisms " one is Mycelium.
Mycelium network(s) (nothing to do with the NET) can transport nutrients between different plants and trees,
The largest and oldest organism in the world is the honey mushroom (Armillaria ostoyae)
Just think of the significance of a find like this one in a different ecosystem...!
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Sapeye2020
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Importantly, "Through cultivation in a medium fortified with ginseng powder, the researchers were able to increase the rhizolutin production of the bacterium by a factor of ten."
The ginseng media simply increases the production of rhizolutin produced by the bacterium. Pretty sure it wasn’t the ginseng or the Koreans would’ve known by now after centuries of popular use.
It, ginseng powder , from my understanding, is boosting the amount of rhizolutin production in the mycelium that is in all forested area.
noun: rhizosphere; plural noun: rhizospheres
the region of soil in the vicinity of plant roots in which the chemistry and microbiology is influenced by their growth, respiration, and nutrient exchange.
from Wiki
Mycelium is the vegetative part of a fungus or fungus-like bacterial colony, consisting of a mass of branching, thread-like hyphae. The mass of hyphae is sometimes called shiro, especially within the fairy ring fungi. Fungal colonies composed of mycelium are found in and on soil and many other substrates.
........
Through the mycelium, a fungus absorbs nutrients from its environment. It does this in a two-stage process. First, the hyphae secrete enzymes onto or into the food source, which break down biological polymers into smaller units such as monomers. These monomers are then absorbed into the mycelium by facilitated diffusion and active transport.
Mycelia are vital in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems for their role in the decomposition of plant material. They contribute to the organic fraction of soil, and their growth releases carbon dioxide back into the atmosphere (see carbon cycle). Ectomycorrhizal extramatrical mycelium, as well as the mycelium of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, increase the efficiency of water and nutrient absorption of most plants and confers resistance to some plant pathogens. Mycelium is an important food source for many soil invertebrates.
"Mycelium", like "fungus", can be considered a mass noun, a word that can be either singular or plural. The term "mycelia", though, like "fungi", is often used as the preferred plural form.
You misunderstand my rhetorical question. The ginseng is where the rhizolutin absorbs it nutrients. NOT the other way around. Therefore, ginseng has primacy.
In one way, your comment doesn't make any sense because without the ginseng (the environment) the rhizolutin cannot exist. "Through the mycelium, a fungus absorbs nutrients from its environment." which are the roots of the ginseng plant.
You are confusing the enhanced cultivation method and where rhizolutin gets its nutrients to do supposedly what they postulated.... "Through cultivation in a medium fortified with ginseng powder, the researchers were able to increase the rhizolutin production of the bacterium by a factor of ten." This isn't the issue I was questioning.
"The ginseng is where the rhizolutin absorbs it nutrients. NOT the other way around...You are confusing the enhanced cultivation method and where rhizolutin gets its nutrients to do supposedly what they postulated"
Your rhetorical question didn't make sense because you mistook rhizolutin as the bacterium that absorbs nutrients from ginseng. Rhizolutin is the active novel beneficial compound produced by ginseng-rhizospheric Streptomyces sp. bacterium.
"Its structure features an unprecedented 7/10/6-tricyclic dilactone carbon skeleton composed of dimethylcyclodecatriene flanked by a 7-membered and a 6-membered lactone ring based on spectroscopic analysis."
"Rhizolutin is produced by a Streptomyces strain that grows in the root zone of ginseng plants."
You have to have ginseng. NO ginseng root zone, no rhizolutin.
So how did they "hype" it?
"Through cultivation in a medium fortified with ginseng powder, the researchers were able to increase the rhizolutin production of the bacterium by a factor of ten."
Well a bit more reading about the topic has made me think we are not getting the whole picture, ie, a few seemingly minor things are not revealed I believe.
1 full definition: The Rhizosphere Defined
In 1904 the German agronomist and plant physiologist Lorenz Hiltner first coined the term "rhizosphere" to describe the plant-root interface, a word originating in part from the Greek word "rhiza", meaning root (Hiltner, 1904; Hartmann et al., 2008). Hiltner described the rhizosphere as the area around a plant root that is inhabited by a unique population of microorganisms influenced, he postulated, by the chemicals released from plant roots. In the years since, the rhizosphere definition has been refined to include three zones which are defined based on their relative proximity to, and thus influence from, the root (Figure 1). Theendorhizosphere includes portions of the cortex and endodermisin which microbes and cations can occupy the "free space" between cells (apoplastic space). Therhizoplane is the medial zone directly adjacent to the root including the root epidermis and mucilage. The outermost zone is theectorhizosphere which extends from the rhizoplane out into the bulk soil. As might be expected because of the inherent complexity and diversity of plant root systems (Figure 2), therhizosphereis not a region of definable size or shape, but instead, consists of a gradient in chemical, biological and physical properties which change both radially and longitudinally along the root.
Bold #1 -would refer to the ground up Ginseng, but not the specific part
Bold #2 - now we are looking microbes and Cations
Bold #3 - is all the material touching the skin of the root
Bold #4- tells us there a lot of material, alive and inert, that could be affecting the root
Figure 1
Schematic of a root section showing the structure of the rhizosphere.
Summary: A bacterium found in the soil close to the roots of ginseng plants, appears to significantly dissociate the protein aggregates associated with Alzheimer’s disease.
Source: Wiley
A bacterium found among the soil close to roots of ginseng plants
Rhizolutin is produced by a Streptomyces strain...
It appears to me that the base stock comes from the Ginseng and it is collected &/or processed by the added name Streptomyces strain to produce Rhizolutin, a Novel 7/10/6‐Tricyclic Dilactone.
"unique population of microorganisms influenced, he postulated, by the chemicals released from plant roots..." i.e. from ginseng. Nothing else.
As I have said, rhizolutin needs ginseng and its root environment. Without ginseng, it doesn't exist. Some substance (unidentified chemicals) in the ginseng root environment enables rhizolutin to be efficacious (presumably).
Rhizolutin is not necessarily "processed." The Koreans did it to determine its structure more easily.
Without ginseng there is no rhizolutin. Therefore ginseng is primary. They are not co-equals.
We will see if they ever bring it to the research chem market. Amyloid protein hyperactivity research offers promise, but some of it, like this, is pretty esoteric, to say the least.
Whatever happened to "carvedilol" (an existing heart drug with promise) ? Long, long way to go before a CT. Typical.
You're absolutely right. They must have a beneficial symbiotic relationship, but the bottom line is that the novel compound is produced by the bacterium and not found in ginseng itelf. Anything else is needless chicken or the eggs of infinite regress.
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