Medical terms decoded. This week: Cardiac arrest
Very simply, a cardiac arrest is when the heart stops pumping. It is often confused with a heart attack (myocardial infarction - where heart tissue dies because it isn't getting enough blood) - this can lead to cardiac arrest, but not always.
Cardiac arrest can be triggered by a heart condition, choking, electric shocks or losing a lot of blood. These all disrupt blood supply, leading to ventrical fibrillation, where the heart quivers rather than pumps.
A cardiac arrest is also different from heart failure. Heart failure does not mean that the heart stops completely - instead it struggles to pump blood efficiently. This is usually because it is not emptying itself of blood properly, and in turn not taking in enough oxygenated blood.
Someone who has gone into cardiac arrest will lose consciousness and have no pulse.
It is life-threatening and requires CPR (cardiopulmonary resuscitation) and defibrillation - CPR keeps blood and oxygen moving around the body, while defibrillators use electric shocks to get the heart pumping again. Heart attack, however, is usually treated with drugs to dissolve clots and restore blood flow to the heart, or surgery to widen the coronary artery, known as angioplasty
Read more: dailymail.co.uk/health/arti...