New study [1] below:
"Causes of death among cancer patients."
"Prostate cancer patients had increasing SMRs {standardized mortality ratios} from Alzheimer's disease".
..
From a study last month [2]:
"We recently found an association between androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) and Alzheimer’s disease. As Alzheimer’s disease is a disease of advanced age, we hypothesize that older individuals on ADT may be at greatest risk."
"... we find that, compared to younger individuals, men aged 70 years or older on ADT have a clinically significant increase in absolute Alzheimer’s disease risk."
"Multiple studies now demonstrate an association between ADT and neurocognitive dysfunction. The association of ADT and Alzheimer’s disease is supported by a number of plausible biologic mechanisms including through augmentation of β-amyloid protein levels11, interaction with the Apolipoprotein E gene12, a direct neuropathic effect13 and an increase in cardiometabolic disease. If ADT is truly causally associated with Alzheimer’s disease it likely contributes within a multifactorial etiology."
-Patrick
[1] ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/278...
Ann Oncol. 2016 Nov 9. pii: mdw604. [Epub ahead of print]
Causes of death among cancer patients.
Zaorsky NG1, Churilla TM2, Egleston BL3, Fisher SG4, Ridge JA5, Horwitz EM2, Md JM2.
Author information
1(1) Department of Radiation Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia PA, United States. nicholaszaorsky@gmail.com.
2(1) Department of Radiation Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia PA, United States.
3(2) Department of Biostatistics, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia PA, United States.
4(3) Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia PA United States.
5(4) Department of Surgical Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia PA, United States.
Abstract
BACKGROUND:
The purpose of our study was to characterize the causes of death among cancer patients as a function of objectives: (I) calendar year, (II) patient age, and (III) time after diagnosis.
PATIENTS AND METHODS:
US death certificate data in SEER Stat 8.2.1 were used to categorize cancer patient death as being due to index-cancer, non-index-cancer, and non-cancer cause from 1973 to 2012. In addition, data were characterized with standardized mortality ratios (SMRs), which provide the relative risk of death compared to all persons.
RESULTS:
The greatest relative decrease in index-cancer death (generally from > 60% to < 30%) was among those with cancers of the testis, kidney, bladder, endometrium, breast, cervix, prostate, ovary, anus, colorectum, melanoma, and lymphoma. Index-cancer deaths were stable (typically > 40%) among patients with cancers of the liver, pancreas, esophagus, and lung, and brain. Non-cancer causes of death were highest in patients with cancers of the colorectum, bladder, kidney, endometrium, breast, prostate, testis; > 40% of deaths from heart disease. The highest SMRs were from non-bacterial infections, particularly among < 50 year olds (e.g. SMR > 1,000 for lymphomas, p < 0.001). The highest SMRs were typically within the first year after cancer diagnosis (SMRs 10 - 10,000, p < 0.001). Prostate cancer patients had increasing SMRs from Alzheimer's disease, as did testicular patients from suicide.
CONCLUSION:
The risk of death from index- and non-index-cancers varies widely among primary sites. Risk of non-cancer deaths now surpasses that of cancer deaths, particularly for young patients in the year after diagnosis.
© The Author 2016. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society for Medical Oncology. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.
KEYWORDS:
SEER; United States; cancer; comorbidity; heart disease; mortality; second cancer
PMID: 27831506 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw604
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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