In one sense this is way off beam for this group, but as a well written all-covering discussion of what homeostasis means, it is certainly applicable to the HPT axis and disruptions from illness etc. I put it on here largely because whilst being relevant, it is so well written that one can consider it as a treatise to be read at leisure and has many insightful things to say. It is downloadable.
Homeostasis: The Underappreciated and Far Too Often Ignored Central Organizing Principle of Physiology
Frontiers in Physiology, March 2020
DOI10.3389/fphys.2020.00200
Pubmed ID 32210840
George E. Billman