NMS & Gastrointestinal Dysfunctions in Parkinson's Disease: Symptoms and Treatments.

[aspergerian]

Gastrointestinal Dysfunctions in Parkinson's Disease: Symptoms and Treatments.

Parkinsons Dis 2016;2016:6762528.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articl...

Thus, the recently developed awareness on the detection of the different NMS early in the course of PD has led to a more critical appraisal of its etiology, the identification of risk factors, and the current advances in neuroprotective and therapeutic biomarkers of PD. In light of these lines of evidence, PD can no longer be viewed solely as a complex disorder of motor functions, but rather as a progressive condition involving both motor and nonmotor features. Some investigators have even proposed that PD could be divided into three phases, namely, preclinical, premotor (corresponding to the NMS), and motor phases. In some patients, nonmotor problems can be reminiscent of complications resulting from pharmacological and surgical interventions for the treatment of motor symptoms. NMS can also be more predominant in the “off” medication state and some might be alleviated by DAergic therapy or, on the contrary, be exacerbated by the latter. Furthermore, the high costs associated with medical care and the aging population strongly stress the need to expand our knowledge base on all aspects of PD. The various effects of which NMS are comprised and their highly divergent patterns of progression between PD patients further raise the challenge imposed by NMS in the management of PD.

[park_bear]

Very helpful suggestions for treating GI problems.

[wilson4343]

what is NMS?

[aspergerian in reply to wilson4343]

Non-Motor Symptoms