I found this paper incredibly hard to read, and also found very little value in it! They did a trial using 40 HZ Isochronic Tones, which is cool, but it looks like all of their results are just looking at the effects on brain scans. This does not excite me.
Auditory gamma-band entrainment enhances default mode network connectivity in dementia patients 2024 - nature.com/articles/s41598-...
But... at the very bottom they have the methods, and I learned:
1: That for their trial they used a 5,000 HZ tone pulsed at 40 HZ. That is an annoyingly high frequency.
2: For their trial they played the audio through a single speaker near the subject.
3: For their trial they played the tone for 40 seconds, then had 20 seconds of silence. Sometimes they repeated the cycle 6 times and sometimes they repeated the cycle 10 times. So the entire treatment only took between 6 and 10 minutes.
Personally, I use a 250 HZ tone pulsed at 40 HZ. And I listen to my file using bone conduction headphones. And the file plays for 50 minutes and I list to it twice a day. Once during the day and once before bed. I have no plans to change what I am doing.
I sent an e-mail to the contact person on the study asking why they chose 5000 HZ as base frequency and let him know what I was doing.