Lychee [2] - Oligonol: This is a follow... - Advanced Prostate...

Advanced Prostate Cancer

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Lychee [2] - Oligonol

7 years ago•4 Replies

This is a follow-up to my Lychee-PCa post, but is not PCa-specific.

I must admit that I was surprised to find that lychees were high in polyphenols. They are white! I have been focused on anthocyanins, which are found in blue-purple-black fruit/vegetables/seeds.

From a French study: "... fruits with the highest {polyphenol} concentrations were strawberries, lychees, and grapes (>180 mg of GAE/100 g FEP)." GAE = "gallic acid equivalent"

{For those who look down on strawberries, remember that Edward Giovannucci's influential lycopene study of 1995 [2] identified only four protective foods. While three were tomato-based, the fourth was strawberries. Everyone seems to have ignored the later - it was many years before a fisetin product appeared.}

Oligonol.

Oligonol is a lychee extract with 53 hits on PubMed. [3]

A "particular feature of lychee is that it contains a comparatively large number of the less common A-type proanthocyanidin units. Oligonol is a flavanol-rich lychee extract processed to convert the high–molecular weight proanthocyanidins into low–molecular weight proanthocyanidins to improve bioavailability. ... It has been found that the low–molecular proanthocyanidin content of Oligonol is markedly higher than that of lychee fruit, grapeseed, and pine bark polyphenols, all of which are similarly rich in proanthocyanidins (Figure 1). In addition, the oral bioavailability of Oligonol in humans is reported to be 3 to 4 times higher than that of unprocessed lychee fruit polyphenols." [4]

[5] Oligonol [OLG] studies.

[5a] Metabolic syndrome [MetS].

"OLG may function to suppress MetS and the progression of geriatric diseases in WD-fed mice by regulating the expression of lipid metabolism, inflammation and tumor-related genes in the liver."

[5b] Protective of the pancreas.

[5c] Reverses insulin resistance.

[5ci] "Oligonol reduced intracellular lipid contents in liver and skeletal muscle and suppressed inflammatory markers, thereby alleviating HFD-induced insulin resistance."

[5cii] "Oligonol treatment improved palmitate-induced cellular steatosis and insulin resistance in HepG2 cells with concomitant reduction of inflammatory cytokines"

[5d] Inhibits inflammation.

[5di] "Oligonol (25μg/ml) decreases the production of IL-6 and TNF-α from human primary monocytes ... Such an anti-cytokine effect was likely mediated by the suppression of NF-κB activation without inducing cell death. Our findings raise the possibility of exploring the benefits of Oligonol in controlling inflammatory conditions, especially those associated with monocytes, in humans."

[5dii] "results suggest that oral Oligonol intake for four weeks had a significant effect on inhibition of inflammatory markers in healthy young men."

[5e] Protective of the kidneys.

[5ei] "Oligonol reduced activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase. Suppressed renal oxidative stress by oligonol was associated with stimulated sirtuin1 expression and restored AMP-activated kinase protein α activity, mitochondrial DNA copy number, and mitochondrial biogenesis associated genes including nuclear respiratory factor 1 and mitochondrial transcription factor A."

[5eii] "The present study provides important evidence that oligonol exhibits a pleiotropic effect, representing renoprotective effects against the development of diabetic complications in type 2 diabetic db/db mice."

[5eiii] "these results provide important evidence that oligonol exhibits a pleiotropic effect on AGE formation and apoptosis-related variables, representing renoprotective effects against the development of diabetic complications in db/db mice with type 2 diabetes."

[5eiv] "results suggest that oligonol could have renoprotective effects against abnormal lipid metabolism and ROS-related AGE formation in type 2 diabetes."

[5f] Anti-aging.

"Oligonol specifically induced the expression of SIRT1, whose activity is linked to gene expression, metabolic control, and healthy aging."

"... oligonol may act as an anti-aging molecule by modulating SIRT1/autophagy/AMPK pathways."

[5g] Protective of the liver.

[5gi] "Oligonol exhibited strong antioxidative activity in vitro and in vivo, and hepatoprotective activity against t-butyl hydroperoxide-induced HepG2 cells. Taken together, oligonol showed antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects in CCl4-intoxicated rats by inhibiting oxidative stress and NF-κB activation via blockade of the activation of upstream kinases including MAPKs and Akt."

[5gii] "results suggest that oligonol has protective effects against ROS-related inflammation and excess lipid deposition in the type 2 diabetic liver."

[5h] Alzheimer's

[5hi] "These results indicate that oligonol has strong preventative potential in diabetes mellitus and in Alzheimer's disease."

[5hii] "It is hypothesized that oligonol has ameliorative effects on memory impairment and reduced cognitive functions in mice with Alzheimer's disease induced by amyloid β(25-35) (Aβ(25-35)) injection." "The present results suggest that oligonol improves Aβ(25-35)-induced memory deficit and cognition impairment."

[5hiii] "results suggest that OLFP has an attenuating effect on early cognitive impairment in SAMP8 mice, and diminishes ER stress in neuronal cells."

[5j] Colitis.

"Oligonol is effective in protecting against DSS-induced mouse colitis and colon carcinogenesis, suggesting that this polyphenol formulation may have a potential for the amelioration of inflammatory bowel disease and related disorders."

[5k] Lung mets.

"Oligonol ... was found to possess antimetastatic activity against B16F-10 melanoma cells."

...

Oligonol is an intriguing product & seems to have generated a fair amount of interest in Asia. My interest is in its apparent ability to "inhibit epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in PCa", which was the subject of my earlier post.

Although there are no other PCa studies, we have few options with regard to EMT, so I believe it should be given serious consideration.

-Patrick

[1] ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/169...

[2] ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?te...

[3] iherb.com/pr/Quality-of-Lif...

[4] naturalmedicinejournal.com/...

[5a] ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/273...

[5b] ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/272...

[5ci] ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/271...

[5cii] ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/260...

[5di] ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/270...

[5dii] ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/206...