Reliable predictor of Parkinson's dementia - Cure Parkinson's
Reliable predictor of Parkinson's dementia
Thank you for the article. Indeed dementia is one of the most overlooked clinical condition of PD. Prevalence studies suggest that up to 30% of patients with PD develop dementia ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/150...
Actually certain PD drugs such as anticholinergic may accelerate its progression.
Anticholinergic medication use and dementia: latest evidence and clinical implications
ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articl...
"There is evidence from three observational studies suggesting that anticholinergic medications may increase dementia risk. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings and understand the biological mechanism by which medications with anticholinergic effects may increase risk. Nonetheless, given this potential risk and the myriad of other well known adverse effects (i.e. constipation, blurred vision, urinary retention, and delirium) associated with anticholinergic medications, it is prudent for prescribers and older adults to minimize use of these medications and consider alternatives when possible."
Many cases with PD with Dementia (PDD) and DLB are often misdiagnosed. Clinical obeservation and diagnostic tools, may be helpful to differentiate PDD from DLB and other PD syndromes, especially at the early stages of the disease. lbda.org/content/dlb-and-pd...
Supplementation and exercise may be adopted as a prevention mechanism against memory decline and dementia:
* Exercise can boost your memory and thinking skills
health.harvard.edu/mind-and...
"Exercise boosts your memory and thinking skills both directly and indirectly. It acts directly on the body by stimulating physiological changes such as reductions in insulin resistance and inflammation, along with encouraging production of growth factors — chemicals that affect the growth of new blood vessels in the brain, and even the abundance, survival, and overall health of new brain cells."
* Effect of citicoline adjuvant therapy on mild cognitive impairment in Parkinson’s disease
ijcem.com/files/ijcem001792...
"Citicoline adjuvant therapy might delay the cognitive function decline rate in PD with mild cognitive impairment patients and reduce their plasma phospholipid levels. Suggesting that this treatment has probably neuroprotective effects."
* The chronic effects of an extract of Bacopa monniera (Brahmi) on cognitive function in healthy human subjects.
ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/114...
"METHODS:
The study was a double-blind placebo-controlled independent-group design in which subjects were randomly allocated to one of two treatment conditions, B. monniera (300 mg) or placebo. Neuropsychological testing was conducted pre-(baseline) and at 5 and 12 weeks post drug administration.
RESULTS:
B. monniera significantly improved speed of visual information processing measured by the IT task, learning rate and memory consolidation measured by the AVLT (P<0.05), and state anxiety (P<0.001) compared to placebo, with maximal effects evident after 12 weeks."
CAUTION: another study showed significant increase of calcium levels however within the standard range. Excessive calcium levels may contribute to PD disease: parkinsonsnewstoday.com/201... . It is recommended anyone taking Bacopa to regurarly check their cacium blood levels.
* Efficacy of Standardized Extract of Bacopa monnieri (Bacognize®) on Cognitive Functions of Medical Students: A Six-Week, Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial
ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articl...
Bacopa monnieri extract in the dose of 300 mg daily produced significant effect on some components of memory with only 6 weeks of administration. The results show a significant increase in the serum calcium levels in Bacopa group and this increase was also significant when compared with the placebo group. The raised calcium levels remained within the normal range (9–11 mg/dL)."
Well, that is going to give everybody something to chew on. Thanks for posting. At the same time my comment is when you are first diagnosed your neurologist, movement Specialist or whoever you are seeing is pushing the anticholinergic drugs on you. I couldn't figure it out why the doctor kept on asking me if I was prone to Compulsive behaviors. I did refuse. That kind of a drug to begin with. Also to begin with I tried a lot of different things on my own.
Has anyone been able to get their hands on the actual questionnaire for this Montreal Parkinson Risk of Dementia Scale? Could be interesting to take the test and see what awaites.
Take the test
My dad developed dementia, not sure when it really started though. Things like not knowing if it was night or day, pouring hot water into the cocoa tin instead of his cup, drinking out of a lid instead of his cup, communicating in grunts. He was finally diagnosed two months ago, couldn't draw a clock, although his long term memory wasn't too bad.
I took him off his kemadrin (procycladin, anti-cholinergic) with his doctors permission, now I doubt anyone could diagnose him with dementia. The thought that there are people out there with dementia caused by this, but with doctors shrugging and say oh well it's part of the disease, makes me want to cry.
Yes, that's what the doctors say. For every drug there are side effects and they don't care. I hope I'll be lucky enough to have an advocate for me when the time comes if it does.
I suggested to my dad today to perhaps try St John's Wort in case his tremours are seretonin related. He said 'Oh isn't that stuff dangerous, don't doctors warn you about it?' I reeled off the 'uncommon' - 1 in 100 - side effects from his pharma medication, including cardiac failure. Just frustrates me so much.
Anticholinergics are the worse type of drugs to be taken and the last resort to treat symptoms; in most cases the risks outweigh the benefits. Simply by examining the action of cause and effect can reveal the sinister action of anticholinergics: Acetylcholine is a powerful neurotransmitter involved in learning and memory, however anticholinergic drugs block the action of acetylcholine, in the brain.
Memories, cognition, perception and consciousness are what define ourselves, losing those aspects and all the rest is meaningless.
Citicoline is a very safe and well-tolerated supplement proved though multiple human studies to delay memory decline and provide benefit over neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer and Parkinson's. Shockingly, hardly any doctor has knowledge of this powerful ánd safe supplement and almost none recommend it. Why? Citicoline suffers from a serious drawback; it is not a prescription pharmaceutical.
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ANTICHOLINERGICS (Human Studies):
* Drugs with anticholinergic properties, cognitive decline, and dementia in an elderly general population: the 3-city study ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articl...
"Findings from this study suggest that the use of medication with anticholinergic effects was associated with an increased risk of cognitive dysfunction and dementia in elderly persons. Discontinuing anticholinergic treatment was associated with a decreased risk "
* The cognitive impact of anticholinergics: A clinical review
ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articl...
"Medications with anticholinergic activity negatively affect the cognitive performance of older adults. Recognizing the anticholinergic activity of certain medications may represent a potential tool to improve cognition. "
* Drugs with anticholinergic effects and cognitive impairment, falls and all-cause mortality in older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articl...
"Our findings raise concerns about the risks of prescribing of Drugs with anticholinergic effects (DACEs) and have potential clinical implications. Health professionals prescribing DACEs should be aware of the potential adverse effects associated with these drugs as well as their benefits in the older population."
* Cumulative Use of Strong Anticholinergic Medications and Incident Dementia ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articl...
"In conclusion, an increased risk for dementia was seen in people with higher use of anticholinergic medications. "
* Anticholinergic drug use is associated with episodic memory decline in older adults without dementia. ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/284...
"Our results suggest that effects of anticholinergics may be particularly detrimental to episodic memory in older adults, which supports the assertion that the cholinergic system plays an important role in episodic memory formation."
* Anticholinergic Medications found to cause long term cognitive impairment of aging brain, study finds sciencedaily.com/releases/2...
* Common anticholinergic drugs like Benadryl linked to increased dementia risk health.harvard.edu/blog/com...
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CITICOLINE (Human Studies):
* Citicoline improves memory performance in elderly subjects.
ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/920...
* Citicoline (Cognizin) in the treatment of cognitive impairment
ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articl...
* Effectiveness and safety of citicoline in mild vascular cognitive impairment: the IDEALE study.
ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/234...
* Citicoline improves verbal memory in aging.
ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/165...
* Effect of citicoline adjuvant therapy on mild cognitive impairment in Parkinson’s disease
ijcem.com/files/ijcem001792...
* The Role of Citicoline in Neuroprotection and Neurorepair in Ischemic Stroke
ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articl...
* Double-blind placebo-controlled study with citicoline in APOE genotyped Alzheimer's disease patients. Effects on cognitive performance, brain bioelectrical activity and cerebral perfusion.
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