Gastrointestinal dysfunction in Parkinson’s Disease: absence of anti-gliadin antibodies apjcn.qdu.edu.cn/33_4_490.pdf
Background and Objectives: Parkinson disease (PD), which is a neurodegenerative disorder, includes several gastrointestinal symptoms that are similar to those of Celiac disease (CD). However, the presence of celiac anti-bodies in PD patients has not yet been studied. Our aim in this study is to compare anti-transglutaminase (ATA) and antigliadin antibodies (AGA) as well as gastrointestinal symptoms and nutrition habits between patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) and healthy controls.
Methods and Study Design: Serum AGA IgG and IgA and the ATA antibodies IgA and IgG were studied in 102 PD patients and 91 healthy controls. Gastrointestinal symptoms, specifically constipation, were investigated using the gastrointestinal system rating scale (GSRS) and the constipation rating scale (CRS). Dietary habits were also investigated and compared between the groups.
Results: Nomsignificant differences were found between the two groups in terms of celiac antibodies. As expected, the hypokinetic GSRS and CRS scores were significantly higher in the PD group (p<0.001). Dietary habits, especially carbohydrate-rich diets, had a negative impact on gastrointestinal symptoms in the PD patients.
Conclusions:Studies have suggested a connection between PD and CD, which infers a probable non-celiac gluten intolerance and the need to offer PD patients an elimination diet. However, the results of our study did not support any link between celiac antibodies and PD. Notwithstanding, the negative impact of a carbohydrate-rich diet in PD patients still leaves a question regarding gluten sensitivity in these patients.
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Bolt_Upright
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Thanks Bolt. That is really interesting considering that my husband has multiple food intolerances- definitely a gastrointestinal dysfunction . Avoiding gluten and lectins helped and now taking Betaine n pepsin supplement to get rid of SIBO. Also looking into ecklovin cava and making SIBO yoghurt
Great post. Definitely what I have discovered in my diet. Key to the "progression" of the disorder but not the origin (from what I have discovered so far).
Thanks. I am gaining confidence that, at least for some of us, this could be a "non-celiac gluten intolerance" causing the problem. If a PD person went to the doctor about gluten they would be tested for Celiac and told they were fine (but they are not fine).
Stopping progression might be all we can hope for, and would be a huge thing to accomplish at almost any stage of progression, but especially at the early stages.
This and the fact that some PD patients report worse symptoms after consuming carbohydrates indicates that all PD padients should consider taking grains out of their diet as the main priority, especially white and supermarket bread which is basically starch, gluten and a few artificial additives.
Before my tremors started, I started to have abdominal problems. The problems were identified with respect to some food intolerance especially lectin. Doctor suggested the low fodmap food and less dairy. Once I made changes to the diet my abdominal problems were gone. I was diagnosed with PD after a few years of theses problems.
Thanks for sharing. Did you eliminate all gluten and lectins?
I could be wrong, but I kind of think factory raised meat has lectins due to the corn and grain and soy the animals eat (but maybe beef is okay as they are ruminant animals and have 4 stomachs).
I don't understand why this would be a nothing study. I found it groundbreaking.
It has long been speculated that PwP have a gluten intolerance, but whenever a patient would suggest this to their doctor, the doctor would test the PwP for Celiac, they would test fine, and continue eating gluten.
Celiac Disease causes some symptoms in common with PD.
This study infers that PwP probably have a non-celiac gluten intolerance and should be offered a (gluten) elimination diet.
I've had bloating and evacuation problems my whole life and I cut out gluten AND lectins about 2 years ago. Now my system feels normal. No issues. And my RBD is much milder too.
I have a high school diploma, so take my opinion for what it is worth. I think PD is an autoimmune disease. I think people with autoimmune diseases should reduce inflammation. I think gluten is inflammatory to most people, even if they do not have Celiac Disease.
Conclusions: Studies have suggested a connection between PD and CD, which infers a probable non-celiac gluten intolerance and the need to offer PD patients an elimination diet. However, the results of our study did not support any link between celiac antibodies and PD. Notwithstanding, the negative impact of a carbohydrate-rich diet in PD patients still leaves a question regarding gluten sensitivity in these patients.
"I don't understand why this would be a nothing study."
Read the very "Conclusions" section you've posted. Now read it again. They're guessing at best though they do acknowledge they've established nothing. I.e. the paper is bullshit.
(And incidentally, the correct word is 'implies', not 'infers'.)
You might be right about the study. I hope not, as it supports the general theories I base my protocols on, but hey, I only have a high school diploma so I am in no position to debate medicine.
You have encouraged me to learn more about "infers" vs "implies" and I kind of think the authors were correct in saying "Studies have suggested a connection between PD and CD, which infers a probable non-celiac gluten intolerance and the need to offer PD patients an elimination diet. "
The author is inferring information from the previous studies. The studies are not trying to imply anything, but this author of the new study is drawing inferences from the previous studies. Thus new author is not implying anything either, they are coming out and stating their conclusions.
I'm not trying to sound smart on this subject. I had to look all of this up:
I consulted my favorite AI (it's free!) Claude.ai and Claude had this to say:
"Implies" and "infers" are related but distinct terms in communication and logic:
1. Implies:
- Used when a speaker or writer suggests something indirectly
- The action is performed by the person giving information
- Moves from the general to the specific
2. Infers:
- Used when a listener or reader draws a conclusion from given information
- The action is performed by the person receiving information
- Moves from the specific to the general
In simple terms:
- The speaker/writer implies
- The listener/reader infers
Example:
If I say, "The sky is getting dark," I'm implying that it might rain soon.
You, hearing this statement, might infer that I'm suggesting we should go inside.
Certainly, I'd be happy to elaborate further on the distinction between "implies" and "infers" with more examples and context.
1. More detailed definitions:
Implies:
- To suggest or indicate something without stating it directly
- Often used when there's an underlying meaning or consequence that isn't explicitly stated
- Can be intentional or unintentional on the part of the speaker/writer
Infers:
- To derive a conclusion from given premises or evidence
- Involves interpretation and reasoning on the part of the listener/reader
- May or may not align with what the speaker/writer intended to imply
2. Additional examples:
Example 1:
Statement: "John hasn't been to work in a week."
- This statement implies that John might be sick, on vacation, or possibly fired.
- A listener might infer that John is ill, based on this information and perhaps prior knowledge about John.
Example 2:
Sign: "Wet Floor"
- The sign implies that there's a potential hazard and people should be careful.
- A person seeing the sign might infer that they should walk slowly or find another route.
Example 3:
In literature:
Text: "The door creaked open slowly in the dark, empty house."
- The author implies a sense of suspense or potential danger.
- The reader might infer that something scary or unexpected is about to happen.
3. Common misuse:
People often confuse these terms, using "infer" when they mean "imply." For instance:
Incorrect: "Are you inferring that I'm wrong?"
Correct: "Are you implying that I'm wrong?"
4. In logic and argumentation:
- Implication is often used in constructing logical arguments. If A implies B, and A is true, then B must also be true.
- Inference is the process of deriving logical conclusions from premises known or assumed to be true.
5. The relationship between the two:
Implication and inference are two sides of the same coin in communication. Effective communication often relies on the ability to accurately imply meaning and correctly infer it. Misunderstandings can occur when:
- A speaker implies something unintentionally
- A listener infers something that wasn't implied
- Cultural or contextual differences lead to different implications or inferences
Understanding the distinction between these terms can help in improving both expression and comprehension in various forms of communication.
Is there any specific aspect of this explanation you'd like me to expand on further?
You are entitled to your opinion. I only defended the paper and concept because there are a lot of people in need that read these posts and I want to provide as much useful information as possible.
It can be hard to convey friendliness through text. Maybe you could join the Zoom calls MBAnderson is so nice to host. There are lots of really nice an knowledgeable people on the call. You will be welcomed as a friend.
Bolt, playing devil's advocate I believe a gastroenterologist would say that eliminating gluten-containing products and reducing carbs in general involves greatly reducing FODMAPS - fermentable carbohydrate substrates that are thought to be the cause of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) - a very common cause of bloating and diarrhoea/constipation in the whole population, PD and non-PD. This is different to an immune-based issue with gluten (the protein which triggers the anti-gliadin antibodies that are needed to diagnose coeliac disease)- the FODMAPS that cause IBS in susceptible people are oligosaccharides (carbs) that are also contained in the gluten-rich foods. That said, it remains to understand how you've reduced the frequency of RBD episodes. And I'm hedging my bets since I too have cut out gluten without having coeliac antibodies, because I have one of the HLA genes that have to be present in coeliac disease (though these genes are far more common than coeliac disease itself,) and also have had Hashimoto's diagnosed (which is more common in those with coeliac disease.)
Good for you for hedging your bets and avoiding gluten. My doctor just told me Friday that he thought almost everybody should avoid gluten because gluten IS inflammatory.
So... I have a high school degree, but I think if we had one box containing things doctors understand and a second box containing the things doctors do not understand, the second box would be infinitely larger than the first.
I don't know if a non-Celiac gluten intolerance relates to auto-immunity or not. I don't think anybody else knows either. I still think Pluto is a planet.
I have Hashimoto's too.
You might consider cutting out Lectins also. Dr. Mason thinks Lectins, which are not digestible, make it through our gut wall, into our Vagus nerve, and into our brain. youtu.be/mjQZCCiV6iA?si=Dl6...
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