There are a lot of pearls in this article beyond the list of antioxidants, it gives a lot of information on causation. I'd like to expand on this if it's okay with you.
I only skimmed. I'm going to read in more detail later. That seemed as good a comprehensive review of the subject as any I've read.It did emphasise on a way what's wrong with the amateur researcher role we all dabble in to a greater or lesser extent.
Systems complexity
There are lots of substances which do useful things in isolation in vitro, but how do they interact with each other in the complex system that is in vivo human beings interacting with different genetic, dietary and environmental factors?
It's tempting to cherry pick. We all hope to find something, but at it's most simplistic none of us is going to try to take everything on the list. (why not? They all have research suggesting they work)
To emphasise the point both pramipexole and Mao b inhibitors are listed as neuroprotective here. (I didn't notice terazosin, so even this extensive summary may not be comprehensive. And I have only skimmed, so maybe missed it)
As Griphook and Harry Potter both said
"it's complicated"
We have to accept any viable solution will be a sub-optimal satisficing one
Until a truly new treatment or molecule is developed
You are so correct Winnie. Multiple systems need to be addressed and one wrong ingredient and the cake won't rise.
Kind of like the Temple of Doom or a Rubic's cube or a combination lock. Out of the hundreds of options, if you can choose just the right combination to address all of the affected systems, but NOT ONE contraindicating choice, the lock will click and you will be in.
Definitely not the hobby I would like to be involved in.
I am very partial to the first one, but even more so when more of the known effects of this molecule are considered!
Grape skin is impressive also, but even more so when the grape seed extract is added with it! Surprised it wasn't on the list.
Sulforaphane is self explanatory on this forum!
I am partial to hydrogen sulfide based on studies describing its potent anti inflammatory effects too, but availability in a practical form isn't as easy as many of the others.
Hesperidin has much more in terms of PD beneficial effects, but studies are not so strong.
NAC and ALA are often mentioned for the purpose.
Curcumin is often discussed for the purpose and studies are increasing.
I didn't notice berberine on the list, but it should definitely be there .
Carvacol belongs there and it is very potent!
I wish there were more studies for Centella asiatica (gotu kola).
I was just reading about crocin the other day.
I've previously tried methylene blue for a brief test and found it mentally stimulating, but the blue urine was somewhat off putting.
I've read about many of these, but study sufficiency and quality is often a problem when it comes to PD.
This well-known NADPH oxidase inhibitor was used by Hou et al. [271] to treat mice induced to PD by pesticide exposure (paraquat and maneb), causing significant improvement of mouse learning and memory deficits, effects associated with the inhibition of signal transducers and activators of transcription 1 (STAT1) and NF-ĸB pathways.”
This is a synthetic form of niacin in fact gives flush even if to a lesser extent.
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