Limonene, a Monoterpene, Mitigates Rotenone-Induced Dopaminergic Neurodegeneration by Modulating Neuroinflammation, Hippo Signaling and A...

[Bolt_Upright]

I stumbled upon this article: Hydroxychloroquine cannot be made at home using citrus berkshireeagle.com/ap/factc...

And noticed: "the process of boiling citrus rinds in water isolates a natural chemical compound called limonene".

And if you Google Limonene + Parkinson's you get: Limonene, a Monoterpene, Mitigates Rotenone-Induced Dopaminergic Neurodegeneration by Modulating Neuroinflammation, Hippo Signaling and Apoptosis in Rats 2023 ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articl...

"Rotenone (ROT) is a naturally derived pesticide and a well-known environmental neurotoxin associated with induction of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Limonene (LMN), a naturally occurring monoterpene, is found ubiquitously in citrus fruits and peels. There is enormous interest in finding novel therapeutic agents that can cure or halt the progressive degeneration in PD; therefore, the main aim of this study is to investigate the potential neuroprotective effects of LMN employing a rodent model of PD measuring parameters of oxidative stress, neuro-inflammation, and apoptosis to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. PD in experimental rats was induced by intraperitoneal injection of ROT (2.5 mg/kg) five days a week for a total of 28 days. The rats were treated with LMN (50 mg/kg, orally) along with intraperitoneal injection of ROT (2.5 mg/kg) for the same duration as in ROT-administered rats. ROT injections induced a significant loss of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) and DA striatal fibers following activation of glial cells (astrocytes and microglia). ROT treatment enhanced oxidative stress, altered NF-κB/MAPK signaling and motor dysfunction, and enhanced the levels/expressions of inflammatory mediators and proinflammatory cytokines in the brain. There was a concomitant mitochondrial dysfunction followed by the activation of the Hippo signaling and intrinsic pathway of apoptosis as well as altered mTOR signaling in the brain of ROT-injected rats. Oral treatment with LMN corrected the majority of the biochemical, pathological, and molecular parameters altered following ROT injections. Our study findings demonstrate the efficacy of LMN in providing protection against ROT-induced neurodegeneration."

[SoDope]

I fully agree with this theory. I have been incorporating Limonine in my marijuana intake to relieve some of my symptoms it definitely helps me with relaxation.

[Bolt_Upright in reply to SoDope]

How are you making Limonene, if I may ask?

[Bolt_Upright in reply to Bolt_Upright]

Ah, a little Google shows that I can eat orange or lemon peels. I can blend up a whole lemon with water! I can do that.

[SilentEchoes in reply to Bolt_Upright]

I've done that for kidney stones, it's hard core. Might want to add stevia.

[Bolt_Upright in reply to SilentEchoes]

Raw honey! I was blending whole lemons and eating a big spoonful every morning for awhile.

[Sydney75 in reply to Bolt_Upright]

wellnessresources.com/suppl...

[Bolt_Upright in reply to Sydney75]

Thanks! I see they are dirt cheap at Swanson swansonvitamins.com/p/swans...

[HekateMoon in reply to Bolt_Upright]

I used to dehydrate orange or lemon peel and then grind to be added to muffins. I guess thats a way. Just make sure the lemons are unwaxed!

[chartist]

Sweet orange essential oil (OEO) is approximately 90%+ d-limonene and is the main component of OEO. OEO may be a consideration to be applied topically on the spine as OEO has penetration enhancing effects. Perhaps this type of application may allow entry into the cerebral spinal fluid.

Art

[park_bear]

Sorry. Another invalid study due to pre-treatment. They put this at the very end in the materials and methods section:

"The rats in group IV assigned as the LMN + ROT group were pretreated with LMN (50 mg/kg) and followed by ROT (2.5 mg/kg, i.p.), 5 days a week for a period of 28 days"

[Esperanto in reply to park_bear]

Please can you explain this in more detail PB? I probably missed something in a discussion of another study?

[WinnieThePoo in reply to Esperanto]

I think he means because they gave LMN first and ROT afterwards it only shows that LMN protects against damage caused by ROT , and not a subsequent repair of the damage that ROT caused. It would be much better if it could mend what was broken rather than protect against a specific neurotoxin

Mind, I'm not sure how "another invalid study" fits a study conclusion of "Our study findings demonstrate the efficacy of LMN in providing protection against ROT-induced neurodegeneration".

So perhaps I got that wrong

[park_bear in reply to WinnieThePoo]

You are correct. See link below for details.

[park_bear in reply to Esperanto]

Explained here: healthunlocked.com/cure-par...

[Esperanto in reply to park_bear]

Thank you both for this clear explanation!

[WinnieThePoo]

See I knew those gin & tonics were good for me - it's the limes

[HekateMoon in reply to WinnieThePoo]

🤣🤣🤣🤣good one, Winnie!