This paper examines the relationship of hyper- or hypothyroidism and Covid infection. It concludes the risk of mortality is greater in hyper- than in hypo- states. There is only a marginal relationship with hypothyroidism.
Horm Metab Res 2023; 55(01): 25-30DOI: 10.1055/a-1971-8781
The Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of COVID-19 Patients with Pre-Existing Thyroid Dysfunction: A Nationwide Study
Mustafa Sahin , Ibrahim Demirci , Cem Haymana , Ilker Tasci , Rıfat Emral , Erman Cakal , Ugur unluturk , Ilhan Satman , Tevfik Demir , Naim Ata , Derun Ertugrul , Aysegul Atmaca , Serpil Salman , Ibrahim Sahin , Selcuk Dagdelen , Osman Celik , Murat Caglayan , Alper Sonmez
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To which extent the pre-existing hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism has an impact on coronavirus infection 2019 (COVID-19) outcomes remains unclear.
The objective of this study was to evaluate COVID-19 morbidity and mortality in patients with pre-existing thyroid dysfunction. A retrospective cohort of patients with a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-confirmed COVID-19 infection (n=14 966) from March 11 to May 30, 2020, was established using the database of the Turkish Ministry of Health.
We compared the morbidity and mortality rates of COVID-19 patients with pre-existing hypothyroidism (n=8813) and hyperthyroidism (n=1822) to those patients with normal thyroid function (n=4331). Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were performed to identify the factors associated with mortality.
Mortality rates were higher in patients with hyperthyroidism (7.7%) and hypothyroidism (4.4%) than those with normal thyroid function (3.4%) (p<0.001 and p=0.008, respectively). Pre-existing hyperthyroidism was significantly associated with an increased risk of mortality (OR 1.54; 95% CI, 1.02–2.33; p=0.042) along with advanced age, male gender, lymphopenia and chronic kidney disease (p<0.001 for all).
Although a potential trend was noted, the association between pre-existing hypothyroidism and mortality was not significant (OR 1.36; 95% CI, 0.99–1.86; p=0.055).
In conclusion, this study showed an association between pre-existing hyperthyroidism with higher COVID-19 mortality. A potential trend towards increased mortality was also observed for hypothyroidism. The risk was more pronounced in patients with hyperthyroidism.
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