"Some things from the past are gone
but others open a gap to the future
and they are the ones I want to rescue."
Mario Benedetti
Current Neurology, which has made undeniable advances against Parkinson's, tells us that the disease is degenerative and symptoms are getting worse over the years, despite treatments.
But what if there was hope to prevent, slow the progression of Parkinson's, improve motor and non-motor symptoms, and significantly alleviate the severity of the disease? We will leave the sensitive issue of a possible cure for future messages (especially in early Parkinson's).
On the sides of the main path of Neurology today (replenishing the missing dopamine with levodopa) there are important studies that offer us hope, another way of looking at the disease, in addition to the use of levodopa with inhibitors, dopamine agonists and the various surgeries and other therapies.
It should not surprise us because in 1992 the famous neurologist Stanley Fahn (the one who treated Muhammad Ali, among other celebrities) carried out a study -published in "Annals of Neurology"- with important doses of vitamin C and E (3 grams and 3200 IU, respectively) and managed to delay the need for levodopa or agonists by 2.5 years. Unfortunately, neither the author nor others have continued this hopeful path of research (for example, with intravenous or liposomal vitamin C, distributed doses of vitamin C every 4-5 hours to maintain high and stable levels in blood plasma, as shown in the Payadatty or Polidori studies in 2004); or with the use of vitamin E tocotrienols, possibly responsible for vitamin E-rich foods showing preventive and neuroprotective capacity (Sen 2004, Osakada 2004, Khanna 2006), and not supplements containing only alpha-tocopherol).
This is a summary of almost 14 years of searching and about 26 years of looking at the world of Parkinson's since my father's diagnosis in 1994.
1) Studies on DISEASE PREVENTION OR RISK REDUCTION:
- with folic acid or B9, 49 % (Religa 2006);
- with riboflavin or B2, 51 % (McCormick 1988);
- coffee (caffeine, niacin, quercetin?), tobacco (nicotine?) and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs - not aspirin - by 87 % (Powers 2008);
- Vitamin D in certain cases, 67 % (Knekt 2010);
- with vitamin C, 40 % (Hellebrand 1996);
- with vitamin E, between 32 and 39 % (Zhang 2002, Golbe 1988);
- with flanonoids, 40 % (Gao 2012);
- with beta-carotene, 32 % (Hellenbrand 1996);
- with green tea, in regions where it is
usual: 50 % less Parkinson's (Pan 2003);
- with coffee: usual consumption of 2-3 cups per day, 20-70 % (Ascherio 2001, Sobel 2000, Ross, 2000, 2001). Among those who never drink coffee, the disease occurs 5 times more often (Ross 2000, Hu 2007);
- with tobacco, between 40 and 61%, and more (Grandinetti 1994, Hernan 2001, 2002).
2) There are several promising studies on the possibility of DELAYING, SLOWING PROGRESSION AND EVEN STOPING Parkinson's:
- coffee, delays symptoms by 8 years, from 64 to 72 (Benedetti 2000);
- green tea, delays symptoms 7.7 years (Kandinov 2009);
- vitamin C and E, 3 grams and 3200 IU daily, for one year: delay of need for medication by 2.5 years (Fahn 1992);
- Vitamin C stimulates dopamine production and enhances the effect of levodopa, making lower doses necessary (Zhao 2019);
- multivitamin (A, C and E): delay of symptoms by 3 years, identical twins, epigenetics? (Maher 2002):
- physical exercise, stops it (Oguh 2014) and delays it (Tsai 2002);
- vitamin D, 1200 IU for one year, all study subjects were still the same one year later, according to the scale UPDRS (Suzuki 2013);
- glutathione (Sechi 1996);
- coenzyme Q10 (Shults 2002);
- creatine (Beal 2003);
- antioxidants (Grimes 1988);
- omega 3 (Youdim 2000, Saugstad 2006, 2008);
- alpha lipoic acid (Araujo 2011);
- vitamin E (Bischot 1993);
- green tea, EGCG extract (Mandel 2002, Levites 2003);
B) IMPROVE SYMPTOMS, MOTORS AND NON-MOTORS, that is, the evolution of the disease:
- vitamina B1 to improve all aspects, between 31.3 and 77.3 % in motor part of the UPDRS (Costantini 2013, 2015);
- vitamin B2 to improve mobility, 30 mg every 8 h, 44-71 % (Coimbra 2003);
- intense physical exercise, 35 % improvement (Alberts 2009);
- N-acetylcysteine or NAC, a precursor of glutathione, improves motor and non-motor skills (Monti 2019)
- vitamin C to reduce oxidation and oxidative damage from levodopa residues (Riederer 1989, Pardo 1993, Berg 2001...);
- milk thistle in capsules to protect the overloaded liver (300 mg per day, books by neurologists Lombard and Marjama-Lyons);
- the folic acid to reduce the dangerous homocysteine (Ahlskog, Gonzalez Maldonado, etc.), alone or with B12 and B6
- a low level of vitamin B12 worsens and the necessary improvement in motor and cognitive function (Christine 2018, McCarter 2019);
- the omega-3 pearls EPA and DHA for depression and for many other things -thus avoiding excess protein, but essential in 50-80 grams to synthesize neurotransmitters- (Silva 2008);
- Vitamin B6 from food, brewer's yeast or mild supplements, no more than 25 mg as mentioned in the levodopa leaflets - because without B6 there's no dopamine - and several neurologists in their books and studies, such as Ahlskog, Marjama Lyons, Siniscalchi;
- vitamin B3 in appropriate doses and supervised by the specialist, to treat the mind and psychosis resulting from long-term medication (books and articles by the famous neuropsychiatrist Abram Hoffer);
- numerous studies have found high percentages of neuropathy in Parkinson's patients compared to (healthy) controls Vitamin B12 deficiency is the most common cause (Zis 2017);
- ketogenic diet (Vanitallie 2005). 43 % improvement in motor symptoms;
- thiamin B1 (Luong 2012);
- NADH (Black 1986);
- vitamin B6 (Tan 2005);
- GDNF (Gill 2005) - vitamin D regulates the gene that produces it;
- glutathione (Sechi 1996).
4) According to the studies published so far, THE SEVERITY OF THE OWN DISEASE OR SYMPTOMS depends on
- level of magnesium (Barbiroli 1999);
- glutathione level (Perry 1982, Riederer 1989, Sechi 1996, Jenner 1998);
- level of the toxic homocysteine (Yasui 2000, Muller 2001, Christine 2018);
- level of B12 (Christine 2018, 2020; McCarter 2019, 2020).
- level of vitamin D (Suzuki 2012, Liu 2014).
CAVEAT: Without a doubt, it is not up to me to design new treatments and protocols, but rather to rescue this information from books, databases, forums, blogs, etc., and make it known to the community of all patients, families and caregivers around the world.
Hundreds of people around the world have been involved in this effort over the past decades. And we will achieve the goal...
(by Jesus Marquez Rivera - Parkinson's here and now)
What improvements can we anticipate within 10-15 years? 
We now have 3 supplements that can potentially prevent or even break up alphasynuclein clumping. 
'Could All the Experts Be Wrong About Parkinson's?'
