pre-ketogenic supplement may make immune therapy work

[Derf4223]

news.nd.edu/news/component-...

[dhccpa]

Interesting. I wish they had explained specifically what was used as the keto diet. There is a lot of loose talk about keto on various forums where I get the impression people are using a variety of mixtures. Lately, I've read that one has to eat about 85% fat calories to really induce keto, or fast using only water. I doubt most are doing that.

As for as the supplement goes, is that available OTC?

[austinsurvivor in reply to dhccpa]

specifically, what ketone supplement are they giving them?

[Graham49 in reply to austinsurvivor]

It could be ketone body β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), see the paper I posted.

[MarkWakely in reply to austinsurvivor]

The first line of the article states: Exogenous oral ketone supplements, primarily in form of ketone salts or esters. It doesn't seem from the article that there was one specific product, although it references another article that tested Ensure protein drink (or, as the article described it, a "ketone monoester meal replacement milkshake beverage"). There are many such products available in both liquid and powder form (capsules or tablets). An Amazon search turned up dozens:

amazon.com/s?k=Exogenous+ke...

Here's a combined Amazon search for the most researched ketone salt and ketone ester by name. Many of the same products appeared:

google.com/search?q=D-Beta+...

It's interesting that supplements- not the Keto diet itself- showed the most success in one of the studies. Side effects can included stomach upset and bloating, although those typically occur only at high doses.

[Amadeus71]

More about ketone supplements and keto diet...

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articl...

[Graham49]

Ketogenic diet alters the epigenetic and immune landscape of prostate cancer to overcome resistance to immune checkpoint blockade therapy

Cancer Res (2024)

doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.C...

Abstract

Resistance to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy represents a formidable clinical challenge limiting the efficacy of immunotherapy. In particular, prostate cancer (PCa) poses a challenge for ICB therapy due to its immunosuppressive features. A ketogenic diet (KD) has been reported to enhance response to ICB therapy in some other cancer models. However, adverse effects associated with continuous KD were also observed, demanding better mechanistic understanding and optimized regimens for using KD as an immunotherapy sensitizer. In this study, we established a series of ICB-resistant PCa cell lines and developed a highly effective strategy of combining anti-PD1 and anti-CTLA4 antibodies with histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) vorinostat, a cyclic ketogenic diet (CKD), or dietary supplementation of the ketone body β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), which is an endogenous HDACi. CKD and BHB supplementation each delayed PCa tumor growth as monotherapy, and both BHB and adaptive immunity were required for the anti-tumor activity of CKD. Single-cell transcriptomic and proteomic profiling revealed that HDACi and ketogenesis enhanced ICB efficacy through both cancer cell-intrinsic mechanisms, including upregulation of MHC class I molecules, and -extrinsic mechanisms, such as CD8+ T cell chemoattraction, M1/M2 macrophage rebalancing, monocyte differentiation toward antigen presenting cells, and diminished neutrophil infiltration. Overall, these findings illuminate a potential clinical path of using HDACi and optimized KD regimens to enhance ICB therapy for PCa.

[j-o-h-n]

Keto, short for ketogenic, is a diet that's high in protein and low in carbohydrates. It's commonly associated with weight loss. The diet involves replacing carbohydrates with fat, which puts the body into a metabolic state called ketosis, where the body uses fat for fuel instead of carbohydrates.

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * In Greek mythology, Keto, or Ceto, is the goddess of sea monsters, whales, and large sharks. Her name translates to "sea-monster". She is the daughter of Gaia (Earth) and Pontus, and is considered one of the most ancient deities.

Theoi Greek Mythology

CETO (Keto) - Greek Goddess of Sea Monsters

Wikipedia

Ceto - Wikipedia

Keto is the consort of her brother Phorkys, and they have several monstrous children together, known as Phorcydes. The Phorcydes include Echidna, the Gorgons (the three sisters Euryale, Stheno and Medusa), the Graeae, and Ladon. Sometimes, the monster Scylla was also considered a child of Keto.

Keto is the personification of all the dangers that the sea poses.

CETO (Keto) - Greek Goddess of Sea Monsters

KETO (Ceto) was the goddess of the dangers of the sea and, more specifically, of sea-monsters, whales and large sharks (all called ketea in Greek).

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Good Luck, Good Health and Good Humor.

j-o-h-n